Electric vehicles in public transportation is a topic that has gained significant traction in recent IELTS Writing Task 2 exams. Based on trends observed in past tests and current global discussions, it’s highly likely that this theme will continue to appear in future exams. Let’s explore a relevant question that has been featured in recent IELTS tests:
Some people think that governments should prioritize the use of electric vehicles for public transportation. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Analyzing the Question
This question requires candidates to express their opinion on whether governments should make electric vehicles a priority for public transportation fleets. Key points to consider:
- The main topic is electric vehicles in public transportation.
- The focus is on government action and priorities.
- Candidates need to clearly state their level of agreement or disagreement.
- The essay should discuss reasons and examples to support the chosen position.
Sample Essays
Band 8-9 Essay
In my opinion, governments should indeed prioritize the adoption of electric vehicles for public transportation systems. This stance is based on the significant environmental and economic benefits that such a transition could bring.
Firstly, the implementation of electric vehicles in public transport fleets would substantially reduce urban air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Cities worldwide are grappling with poor air quality, largely attributed to vehicle emissions. By switching to electric buses and trains, local authorities can dramatically cut down on harmful pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and particulate matter. For instance, London has already started transitioning its iconic double-decker buses to electric models, with plans to make the entire fleet emission-free by 2037. This initiative is expected to significantly improve the city’s air quality and contribute to the UK’s carbon reduction targets.
Secondly, while the initial investment in electric vehicles may be higher, the long-term economic benefits are considerable. Electric vehicles have lower operational and maintenance costs compared to their fossil fuel counterparts. A study by Bloomberg New Energy Finance found that electric buses could offer fuel and maintenance savings of up to $50,000 per year compared to diesel buses. These savings could be redirected to improve other aspects of public transportation or reduce fares, making public transport more accessible and attractive to citizens.
Moreover, prioritizing electric vehicles in public transportation can stimulate innovation and job creation in the green technology sector. As governments invest in electric vehicle infrastructure, it creates demand for new technologies, encourages research and development, and fosters the growth of industries related to electric vehicle production and maintenance. This can lead to economic growth and the creation of skilled jobs in the renewable energy sector.
However, it is important to acknowledge that the transition to electric vehicles in public transportation is not without challenges. Issues such as the need for charging infrastructure, battery disposal, and the current limitations of battery technology need to be addressed. Governments must therefore approach this transition strategically, investing in research and development to overcome these hurdles.
In conclusion, while there are challenges to overcome, the environmental and economic benefits of prioritizing electric vehicles in public transportation are substantial. Governments should indeed make this a priority, as it represents a significant step towards creating more sustainable and livable cities for future generations.
(Word count: 377)
Band 6-7 Essay
I strongly agree that governments should prioritize the use of electric vehicles for public transportation. This is because of the environmental benefits and long-term cost savings that electric vehicles can provide.
The main reason why I support this idea is the positive impact on the environment. Electric vehicles produce zero direct emissions, which means they don’t release harmful pollutants into the air. This is especially important in big cities where air pollution is a serious problem. For example, in Beijing, where air quality is often poor, the government has started to replace old diesel buses with electric ones. This has helped to reduce smog and improve air quality in the city.
Another important reason is the potential for cost savings in the long run. While electric buses and trains may be more expensive to buy at first, they are cheaper to operate and maintain over time. They use electricity which is often cheaper than diesel or petrol, and they have fewer moving parts which means less maintenance is needed. This could save governments a lot of money that could be used for other important things like healthcare or education.
However, there are some challenges that need to be considered. One problem is that many cities don’t have enough charging stations for electric vehicles. Governments would need to invest in building this infrastructure, which could be expensive. Also, the batteries in electric vehicles need to be replaced after a certain time, and this can be costly.
Despite these challenges, I believe the benefits of using electric vehicles for public transportation outweigh the drawbacks. Governments should make it a priority because it’s good for the environment and can save money in the long term. It’s an important step towards creating cleaner and more sustainable cities for everyone.
(Word count: 295)
Band 5-6 Essay
I agree that governments should make electric vehicles a priority for public transportation. There are two main reasons for this: it’s good for the environment and it can save money.
First, electric vehicles are better for the environment. They don’t produce pollution like regular buses and trains that use petrol or diesel. This is very important because many cities have bad air quality because of too many cars and buses on the roads. If we use electric buses and trains, the air will be cleaner and people will be healthier.
Second, electric vehicles can save money in the long run. Even though they might cost more to buy at first, they are cheaper to use every day. Electricity is often less expensive than petrol or diesel. Also, electric vehicles don’t need as much maintenance as regular vehicles, so this can also save money.
But there are some problems too. Many places don’t have enough charging stations for electric vehicles. This means the government would need to spend money to build more charging stations. Also, the batteries in electric vehicles need to be changed after some time, and this can be expensive.
Even with these problems, I think using electric vehicles for public transportation is a good idea. It will help make our cities cleaner and healthier, and it can save money over time. Governments should try to use more electric vehicles for buses and trains.
(Word count: 221)
Explanation of Band Scores
Band 8-9 Essay Analysis
This essay demonstrates the characteristics of a high-scoring IELTS Writing Task 2 response:
- Task Response: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, presenting a clear position with fully extended and well-supported ideas.
- Coherence and Cohesion: Ideas are logically organized with clear progression throughout. Paragraphs are well-linked, and cohesive devices are used effectively.
- Lexical Resource: A wide range of vocabulary is used with full flexibility and precision. Less common lexical items are used with full awareness of style and collocation.
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy: A wide range of structures is used with full flexibility and control. Errors are rare and difficult to spot.
Band 6-7 Essay Analysis
This essay shows the features of a mid-range IELTS Writing Task 2 response:
- Task Response: The essay addresses all parts of the task, though some aspects are covered more fully than others.
- Coherence and Cohesion: There is a clear overall progression, but some paragraphs may be better connected than others.
- Lexical Resource: An adequate range of vocabulary is used for the task. There may be some inaccuracy in word choice or collocation, but it does not impede communication.
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy: A mix of simple and complex sentence forms is used. There are some errors, but they do not impede communication.
Band 5-6 Essay Analysis
This essay exhibits characteristics of a lower mid-range IELTS Writing Task 2 response:
- Task Response: The essay addresses the task in a general way, but the format may be inappropriate in places.
- Coherence and Cohesion: The overall progression is evident, but paragraphing may be inadequate or repetitive.
- Lexical Resource: A limited range of vocabulary is used, with some attempts at more sophisticated words.
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy: A limited range of structures is used. Errors are frequent but do not greatly impede communication.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
- Prioritize (verb) /praɪˈɒrətaɪz/: To give importance to something over other things.
- Infrastructure (noun) /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/: The basic systems and services that a country or organization needs to function properly.
- Emission (noun) /ɪˈmɪʃn/: The production and discharge of something, especially gas or radiation.
- Sustainable (adjective) /səˈsteɪnəbl/: Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level.
- Transition (noun) /trænˈzɪʃn/: The process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another.
- Innovation (noun) /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/: A new method, idea, product, etc.
- Operational (adjective) /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃənl/: Relating to the routine functioning and activities of a business or organization.
- Maintenance (noun) /ˈmeɪntənəns/: The process of keeping something in good condition.
- Stimulate (verb) /ˈstɪmjuleɪt/: To encourage or promote activity or development.
- Livable (adjective) /ˈlɪvəbl/: Suitable for living in; comfortable and pleasant.
In conclusion, the topic of electric vehicles in public transportation is likely to remain relevant in IELTS Writing Task 2. As you prepare, consider practicing with similar topics such as:
- The role of renewable energy in urban development
- Government investments in green technology
- The future of transportation in smart cities
Remember to structure your essays clearly, use a range of vocabulary and grammar, and support your arguments with relevant examples. Feel free to practice writing an essay on this topic and share it in the comments section for feedback and discussion. This active practice is an excellent way to improve your IELTS Writing skills.