Genetic modification is a controversial topic that frequently appears in IELTS Writing Task 2 exams. Based on past exam trends, questions related to government funding for scientific research on genetic modification are likely to continue appearing in future tests. Let’s examine a relevant question that has appeared in recent IELTS exams:

Some people think that governments should spend money on scientific research into genetic modification of crops, while others believe this money should be spent elsewhere. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

Analysis of the Question

This question requires candidates to:

1. Discuss arguments for government funding of genetic modification research
2. Discuss arguments against such funding
3. Provide their own opinion on the issue

Now, let’s look at sample essays for different band scores, along with detailed analysis.

Band 8-9 Sample Essay

Genetic modification of crops is a contentious scientific field that has sparked debates about government funding priorities. While some advocate for increased financial support for this research, others argue that public resources should be allocated elsewhere. This essay will examine both perspectives before presenting my own view on the matter.

Proponents of government funding for genetic modification research argue that it has the potential to address critical global challenges. Genetically modified crops could potentially increase food production to feed the growing world population, enhance nutritional value to combat malnutrition, and develop resistance to pests and diseases, reducing the need for harmful pesticides. Furthermore, government-funded research ensures that the benefits of genetic modification are accessible to all, rather than being monopolized by private corporations. This democratization of scientific advancements could lead to more equitable distribution of improved crops, particularly benefiting developing nations.

On the other hand, critics contend that government funds would be better spent on alternative solutions to food security and agricultural challenges. They argue that traditional farming methods, organic agriculture, and agroecology can achieve similar goals without the potential risks associated with genetic modification. Additionally, there are concerns about the long-term environmental and health impacts of genetically modified organisms, which are not yet fully understood. Skeptics also point out that investing in education, healthcare, and infrastructure might yield more immediate and tangible benefits for society than genetic modification research.

In my opinion, while the concerns raised by critics are valid, the potential benefits of genetic modification research are too significant to ignore. I believe that governments should allocate funding to this field, but with strict oversight and regulations to address safety concerns and ensure ethical practices. A balanced approach that combines investment in genetic modification research with support for alternative agricultural methods and other societal needs would be ideal. This strategy would allow us to explore the full potential of genetic modification while also addressing immediate social challenges.

In conclusion, the debate over government funding for genetic modification research reflects the complex nature of scientific advancement and resource allocation. While there are valid arguments on both sides, I believe that carefully regulated government support for this research is crucial for addressing global food security challenges and ensuring that the potential benefits of genetic modification are accessible to all.

(Word count: 379)

Explanation of Band 8-9 Score

This essay demonstrates characteristics of a high band score (8-9) for the following reasons:

1. Task Response: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, discussing both views and clearly presenting the writer’s own opinion.

2. Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is well-organized with clear progression throughout. Each paragraph has a clear central topic, and ideas are logically sequenced.

3. Lexical Resource: The essay uses a wide range of vocabulary with very natural and sophisticated control of lexical features. Key terms are used accurately (e.g., “contention,” “democratization,” “agroecology”).

4. Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a wide range of structures with full flexibility and accuracy. Complex sentences are used effectively, and there are no noticeable errors.

5. Critical Thinking: The essay demonstrates a nuanced understanding of the topic, considering multiple perspectives and presenting a balanced view.

The ethical considerations of genetic modification are thoroughly explored in this essay, showcasing a deep understanding of the complexities involved in this scientific field.

Band 6-7 Sample Essay

In recent years, there has been a debate about whether governments should invest money in genetic modification research for crops or use these funds for other purposes. This essay will discuss both sides of this argument and give my personal opinion.

Those who support government funding for genetic modification research believe it can solve many problems. Genetically modified crops could produce more food to feed the growing world population. These crops might also be more resistant to pests and diseases, which could help farmers. Additionally, if governments fund this research, the results could be shared with everyone, not just big companies.

However, there are also arguments against this kind of government spending. Some people think that genetic modification might be dangerous for health and the environment. They believe that the money could be better used for other things like education or healthcare. There are also concerns that genetically modified crops might harm natural plants and animals.

In my opinion, I think governments should spend some money on genetic modification research, but not all of their resources. It’s important to explore new ways to improve food production, but we should also be careful about possible risks. Governments should also invest in other areas that can help people, like education and healthcare.

In conclusion, while genetic modification research has potential benefits, it’s important for governments to balance this with other priorities. A combination of funding for scientific research and other important areas would be the best approach.

(Word count: 253)

Explanation of Band 6-7 Score

This essay demonstrates characteristics of a mid-range band score (6-7) for the following reasons:

1. Task Response: The essay addresses all parts of the task, but the development of ideas is not as thorough as in the higher band essay.

2. Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is generally well-organized, but the linking of ideas is not as sophisticated as in higher band essays.

3. Lexical Resource: The essay uses an adequate range of vocabulary, but lacks the precision and sophistication of higher band essays.

4. Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms, with generally good control, though not as varied as higher band essays.

5. Critical Thinking: The essay presents relevant ideas but lacks the depth of analysis seen in higher band essays.

Why governments should regulate genetic engineering is a topic that could have been explored more deeply in this essay to elevate its quality.

Pros and cons of genetic modification research

Key Vocabulary to Remember

1. Genetic modification (noun) – /dʒəˈnetɪk ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ – The process of altering the genetic material of an organism
2. Contentious (adjective) – /kənˈtenʃəs/ – Causing or likely to cause disagreement or argument
3. Democratization (noun) – /dɪˌmɒkrətaɪˈzeɪʃən/ – The process of making something accessible to everyone
4. Agroecology (noun) – /ˌægrəʊɪˈkɒlədʒi/ – The study of ecological processes applied to agricultural production systems
5. Oversight (noun) – /ˈəʊvəsaɪt/ – The action of overseeing something
6. Equitable (adjective) – /ˈekwɪtəbl/ – Fair and impartial
7. Monopolize (verb) – /məˈnɒpəlaɪz/ – Obtain exclusive possession or control of
8. Tangible (adjective) – /ˈtændʒəbl/ – Clear and definite; real

Conclusion

The topic of government funding for genetic modification research is likely to remain relevant in IELTS Writing Task 2 exams. To prepare, practice writing essays on related topics such as:

1. The ethical implications of genetic modification in agriculture
2. Balancing scientific advancement with environmental conservation
3. The role of government in regulating new technologies

Remember to analyze the question carefully, structure your essay logically, and use a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures. Feel free to practice by writing your own essay on this topic and sharing it in the comments section for feedback and discussion.