Electric vehicles (EVs) have become a hot topic in recent years, with many governments considering subsidies to encourage their adoption. This question has appeared in various forms in IELTS Writing Task 2 exams and is likely to continue being relevant in future tests. Let’s explore this topic through sample essays for different band scores, focusing on the question:
Some people think that governments should subsidize the cost of electric vehicles to encourage their use. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Analyzing the Question
Before we dive into the sample essays, let’s break down the question:
- Topic: Government subsidies for electric vehicles
- Task: Express your opinion on whether governments should provide these subsidies
- Key points to consider:
- Reasons for encouraging EV use
- Potential benefits and drawbacks of subsidies
- Alternative methods to promote EV adoption
Now, let’s look at sample essays for different band scores.
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)
In recent years, the debate over government subsidies for electric vehicles has gained significant traction. While some argue that such financial incentives are crucial for accelerating the transition to sustainable transportation, others contend that market forces should dictate EV adoption. In my opinion, governments should indeed provide subsidies for electric vehicles, albeit with careful consideration and a phased approach.
The primary argument in favor of EV subsidies is their potential to dramatically reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality in urban areas. Transportation is a major contributor to global carbon emissions, and a rapid shift to electric vehicles could significantly mitigate this environmental impact. By making EVs more affordable through subsidies, governments can expedite this transition, potentially saving billions in future climate change-related costs. Moreover, improved air quality in cities could lead to substantial public health benefits, reducing healthcare expenditures in the long run.
However, critics argue that subsidies distort the free market and may benefit primarily affluent consumers who can already afford electric vehicles. While this is a valid concern, it can be addressed through targeted subsidy programs that prioritize lower-income households or focus on public transportation electrification. Additionally, as the EV market matures and economies of scale are achieved, subsidies can be gradually phased out, allowing for a more sustainable and market-driven adoption of electric vehicles.
Furthermore, government subsidies for EVs can stimulate innovation and job creation in the green technology sector. By creating a robust market for electric vehicles, countries can position themselves as leaders in this emerging industry, potentially boosting their economic competitiveness on a global scale. The development of a strong domestic EV industry could lead to increased exports, job opportunities, and technological advancements that extend beyond the automotive sector.
In conclusion, while the implementation of EV subsidies requires careful planning and oversight, the potential benefits to the environment, public health, and economy make it a worthwhile policy. Governments should view these subsidies as an investment in a sustainable future rather than a simple expenditure. As the technology improves and costs decrease, the need for subsidies will diminish, but their initial role in catalyzing the transition to electric mobility is crucial. By taking a proactive approach now, governments can help ensure a cleaner, more sustainable transportation system for future generations.
(Word count: 395)
Essay Analysis (Band 8-9)
This essay demonstrates excellent qualities that align with Band 8-9 criteria:
- Task Response: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, presenting a clear position with well-developed arguments.
- Coherence and Cohesion: Ideas are logically organized with clear progression throughout the essay. Paragraphs are well-linked, and cohesive devices are used effectively.
- Lexical Resource: A wide range of vocabulary is used with very natural and sophisticated control of lexical features. Key terms related to the topic are used accurately.
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy: A wide range of structures is used with full flexibility and accuracy. Complex sentences are handled with ease, and there are no noticeable errors.
The essay presents a balanced view while clearly stating the author’s position. It addresses potential counterarguments and provides specific examples to support its points, demonstrating a sophisticated approach to the topic.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)
The question of whether governments should provide subsidies for electric vehicles is a topic of much debate. In my opinion, I agree that governments should offer some financial support for electric cars, but this should be done carefully and with some limitations.
One main reason to support electric vehicle subsidies is the positive impact on the environment. Electric cars produce fewer emissions compared to traditional petrol or diesel vehicles. This can help reduce air pollution in cities and contribute to fighting climate change. By making electric cars cheaper through subsidies, more people might choose to buy them, which could lead to a faster reduction in pollution levels.
However, there are some problems with subsidies that need to be considered. Firstly, subsidies can be expensive for governments, and this money might be needed for other important areas like healthcare or education. Also, some people argue that subsidies mainly benefit wealthy people who can already afford expensive cars, which might not be fair.
Despite these concerns, I believe the benefits of electric vehicle subsidies outweigh the drawbacks. Governments could design subsidy programs that are more targeted, focusing on helping lower-income families or small businesses to switch to electric vehicles. This approach could make the subsidies more effective and fair.
Another advantage of subsidizing electric vehicles is that it can help develop the technology faster. As more people buy electric cars, companies will invest more in improving the technology, potentially leading to better and cheaper electric vehicles in the future. This could create new jobs in the green technology sector and boost the economy.
In conclusion, while there are some valid concerns about subsidizing electric vehicles, I believe it is a necessary step to promote cleaner transportation. Governments should implement these subsidies carefully, ensuring they are fair and effective. As electric vehicle technology improves and becomes more affordable, the need for subsidies may decrease, but for now, they play an important role in encouraging the adoption of cleaner transportation options.
(Word count: 329)
Essay Analysis (Band 6-7)
This essay demonstrates good qualities that align with Band 6-7 criteria:
- Task Response: The essay addresses the task and presents a clear position, although the ideas could be more fully developed.
- Coherence and Cohesion: There is a clear overall progression, but the linking of ideas could be more sophisticated.
- Lexical Resource: A sufficient range of vocabulary is used, with some awareness of style and collocation. There’s room for more precise and varied vocabulary use.
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy: A mix of simple and complex sentence forms is used, with generally good control. There are no major errors that impede communication.
The essay presents a clear stance and provides relevant examples. However, the arguments could be more deeply explored, and the language could be more sophisticated to reach a higher band score.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
- Subsidize (verb) /ˈsʌbsɪdaɪz/ – to support financially
- Emission (noun) /ɪˈmɪʃn/ – the production and discharge of something, especially gas or radiation
- Incentive (noun) /ɪnˈsentɪv/ – something that motivates or encourages someone to do something
- Adoption (noun) /əˈdɒpʃn/ – the act of accepting or starting to use something new
- Sustainability (noun) /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ – the ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level
- Infrastructure (noun) /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/ – the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities
- Mitigate (verb) /ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/ – make (something bad) less severe, serious, or painful
- Innovation (noun) /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/ – a new method, idea, product, etc.
- Phased (adjective) /feɪzd/ – done or introduced gradually or in stages
- Competitiveness (noun) /kəmˈpetətɪvnəs/ – the quality of being as good as or better than others of a comparable nature
Conclusion
The topic of government subsidies for electric vehicles is likely to remain relevant in IELTS Writing Task 2 exams. It touches on important themes such as environmental protection, government policy, and technological advancement. When approaching this topic, consider discussing the environmental benefits, economic implications, and potential drawbacks of subsidies.
For practice, try writing your own essay on this topic or related questions such as:
- Should governments prioritize investment in electric vehicle infrastructure over other forms of public transportation?
- Do you think electric vehicles will completely replace traditional vehicles in the future? Why or why not?
Remember to structure your essay clearly, use a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures, and provide specific examples to support your arguments. Feel free to share your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and discussion with fellow IELTS aspirants.