Renewable energy has become an increasingly popular topic in IELTS Writing Task 2 exams. Based on recent trends and the global focus on sustainability, it’s highly likely that questions related to renewable energy policies will continue to appear in future tests. Let’s examine a relevant question that has appeared in past IELTS exams:

Some people think that governments should invest in developing renewable energy sources (e.g. solar and wind power), while others believe that fossil fuels should be the priority. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

Analyzing the Question

This question requires candidates to:

1. Discuss arguments for prioritizing renewable energy
2. Discuss arguments for prioritizing fossil fuels
3. Present their own opinion on the issue

It’s crucial to address all parts of the question and provide a balanced discussion before stating your personal view.

Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)

Renewable energy sources have gained significant attention in recent years as potential alternatives to fossil fuels. While some argue that governments should focus on developing these sustainable options, others contend that traditional energy sources should remain the priority. This essay will examine both perspectives before presenting my own stance on the matter.

Proponents of renewable energy investment argue that these technologies offer long-term environmental and economic benefits. Solar and wind power, for instance, produce clean energy without harmful emissions, helping to combat climate change and improve air quality. Moreover, as these technologies advance, they become increasingly cost-effective, potentially reducing energy prices for consumers in the future. Additionally, investing in renewables can create new jobs and industries, stimulating economic growth and innovation.

On the other hand, those who advocate for prioritizing fossil fuels often cite the reliability and established infrastructure of these energy sources. Coal, oil, and natural gas have powered global development for centuries and continue to provide a stable energy supply for many nations. Supporters argue that transitioning too quickly to renewables could lead to energy shortages and economic disruption, particularly in developing countries that rely heavily on fossil fuels for industrialization and economic growth.

In my opinion, while fossil fuels have played a crucial role in our development, the urgent need to address climate change and ensure long-term energy security necessitates a strong focus on renewable energy sources. Governments should invest significantly in developing and implementing sustainable technologies, while gradually phasing out fossil fuel dependence. This approach would allow for a smoother transition, minimizing economic disruption while maximizing environmental benefits.

To achieve this, policymakers could implement a multi-faceted strategy that includes research and development funding for renewable technologies, tax incentives for clean energy adoption, and regulations to reduce fossil fuel consumption. Such a comprehensive approach would help balance short-term energy needs with long-term sustainability goals.

In conclusion, while both renewable and fossil fuel energy sources have their merits, I believe that prioritizing the development of renewable energy is crucial for our planet’s future. By investing in sustainable technologies now, we can create a cleaner, more resilient energy system that benefits both the environment and the global economy.

(Word count: 345)

Renewable Energy vs. Fossil Fuels Debate

Explanation of Band 8-9 Score

This essay demonstrates several key features that contribute to its high band score:

1. Task Achievement: The essay fully addresses all parts of the question, discussing both viewpoints and clearly stating a personal opinion.

2. Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is well-organized with clear paragraphing and effective use of linking words (e.g., “moreover,” “additionally,” “on the other hand”).

3. Lexical Resource: A wide range of vocabulary is used accurately and appropriately (e.g., “sustainable options,” “combat climate change,” “economic disruption”).

4. Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay employs a variety of complex sentence structures with minimal errors (e.g., “While some argue that… others contend that…”).

5. Development of Ideas: Each point is well-developed with relevant examples and explanations.

Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)

In recent years, there has been a debate about whether governments should focus on renewable energy or fossil fuels. Some people think renewable energy is better, while others believe fossil fuels are more important. This essay will discuss both sides and give my opinion.

There are good reasons to support renewable energy. Firstly, it is better for the environment because it doesn’t produce pollution like fossil fuels do. Solar and wind power are clean and don’t release harmful gases into the air. Secondly, renewable energy sources will not run out, unlike oil and coal. This means we can use them for a long time without worrying about shortages.

However, some people argue that fossil fuels should be the priority. One reason is that they are cheaper and easier to use right now. Many countries already have power plants and factories that use fossil fuels, so it would be expensive to change everything. Also, some people think renewable energy is not reliable enough yet, especially when the sun doesn’t shine or the wind doesn’t blow.

In my opinion, I think governments should invest more in renewable energy. Although it might be more expensive at first, it will be better for our planet in the long run. We need to think about the future and protect the environment for the next generations. Governments could start by giving money to research new technologies and helping companies that want to use renewable energy.

To conclude, while both renewable energy and fossil fuels have their advantages, I believe that focusing on renewable energy is more important for our future. We need to take action now to create a cleaner and safer world.

(Word count: 277)

Explanation of Band 6-7 Score

This essay demonstrates features that place it in the Band 6-7 range:

1. Task Achievement: The essay addresses all parts of the task, but the discussion of each viewpoint is less developed compared to the Band 8-9 essay.

2. Coherence and Cohesion: The essay has a clear structure, but uses simpler linking words (e.g., “Firstly,” “Secondly,” “However”).

3. Lexical Resource: The vocabulary used is appropriate but less varied and sophisticated than in the higher band essay.

4. Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a mix of simple and complex sentences, with some minor errors that do not impede communication.

5. Development of Ideas: Ideas are presented clearly but with less detail and elaboration compared to the Band 8-9 essay.

Renewable Energy Research Laboratory

Key Vocabulary to Remember

1. Renewable energy (noun) – /rɪˈnjuːəbəl ˈenədʒi/ – energy from a source that is not depleted when used
2. Fossil fuels (noun) – /ˈfɒsəl fjuːəlz/ – fuels formed from the remains of living organisms
3. Sustainability (noun) – /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ – the ability to maintain at a certain rate or level
4. Climate change (noun) – /ˈklaɪmət tʃeɪndʒ/ – long-term shifts in global weather patterns
5. Infrastructure (noun) – /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/ – basic physical and organizational structures needed for operation
6. Innovation (noun) – /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/ – a new method, idea, product, etc.
7. Transition (noun) – /trænˈzɪʃən/ – the process of changing from one state or condition to another
8. Implement (verb) – /ˈɪmplɪment/ – put (a decision, plan, agreement, etc.) into effect
9. Resilient (adjective) – /rɪˈzɪliənt/ – able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions
10. Phase out (phrasal verb) – /feɪz aʊt/ – gradually remove or stop using something

Conclusion

The topic of renewable energy in national policies is likely to remain relevant in future IELTS Writing Task 2 exams. To prepare effectively, practice writing essays on related themes such as:

• The role of government in promoting green technologies
• Balancing economic growth with environmental protection
• The impact of renewable energy on job markets and industries
• International cooperation in addressing climate change

Remember to analyze the question carefully, plan your essay structure, and use a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures appropriate to your target band score. Practice writing your own essay on this topic and consider sharing it in the comments section for feedback and discussion. This active approach to learning can significantly improve your IELTS Writing skills.