The structure “so + adjective + is/are + subject + that + clause” is a formal and emphatic way to highlight the significance of something. It effectively conveys a sense of urgency and the need for action. While it may not be as common as some other grammatical structures in the IELTS exam, using it correctly demonstrates a strong command of English grammar and can significantly enhance your writing score.
Let’s consider a few examples of how this structure can be incorporated into different sections of the IELTS exam:
Example 1 (Writing Task 2):
So significant is the impact of climate change that it threatens the very existence of numerous species, including our own. Governments and individuals alike must take immediate action to mitigate its effects.
In this example, the structure emphasizes the gravity of climate change, urging immediate action.
Example 2 (Speaking Part 3):
Well, the internet has certainly revolutionized communication. So pervasive is its influence that it’s hard to imagine life without it.
Here, the structure emphasizes how deeply ingrained the internet is in modern life.
Example 3 (Writing Task 1 – Describing a Trend):
The graph illustrates a sharp increase in online shopping between 2010 and 2020. So dramatic is this rise that it has led to the closure of many brick-and-mortar stores.
This example uses the structure to highlight the significant impact of the rising trend of online shopping.
Understanding the “So…That” Structure
Significance and Frequency
The “so…that” structure is a powerful tool to emphasize a quality or situation and its consequences. While not overly common in everyday speech, it is frequently used in formal writing and academic contexts. In the IELTS exam, demonstrating mastery of such structures, even if used sparingly, showcases a high level of grammatical proficiency.
Structure and Punctuation
Formula:
So + adjective/adverb + auxiliary verb (is/are/was/were) + subject + that + clause
Key Points:
- Inversion: Notice the inversion of the subject and auxiliary verb (“is this issue” instead of “this issue is”). This inversion is a characteristic of this emphatic structure.
- Comma: Always use a comma after the first clause (the one containing “so…that”).
- Formal Tone: This structure lends a formal tone to your writing.
Applying the Structure in IELTS Writing
Writing Task 2:
This structure is particularly useful in Task 2 essays to emphasize the importance of an issue or the severity of a problem.
Example:
Question: Some people believe that the government should invest heavily in public transportation, while others argue that it is a waste of resources. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Answer: …However, so crucial is a reliable and affordable public transport system that it can significantly impact a city’s economic productivity and overall quality of life. By reducing traffic congestion and air pollution, public transportation not only benefits commuters but also contributes to a healthier environment…
Speaking Part 3:
You can use this structure to give more weight to your opinions or to emphasize a point you are making.
Example:
Examiner: What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a globalized world?
Candidate: …On the one hand, globalization has led to increased interconnectedness and cultural exchange. But so rapid is the pace of change that some communities struggle to adapt, leading to feelings of displacement and loss of identity…
Enhancing Your Usage for a Higher Band Score
-
Varied Vocabulary: Don’t overuse the same adjectives. Instead of repeatedly using “important,” explore synonyms like “crucial,” “vital,” “paramount,” “essential,” or “significant.”
-
Complex Clauses: Instead of simple sentences after “that,” use complex sentences with varied grammar structures to demonstrate a higher level of English proficiency.
-
Contextual Appropriateness: While impactful, this structure is best suited for formal writing and speaking situations. Avoid overusing it, particularly in informal contexts.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
-
Incorrect Word Order: The inversion of subject and verb is crucial.
Incorrect: So important this issue is that…
Correct: So important is this issue that… -
Missing Comma: Always place a comma after the first clause.
Incorrect: So crucial is education that it shapes…
Correct: So crucial is education, that it shapes… -
Informal Context: Avoid using this structure in informal writing or speaking tasks.
Conclusion
The “so…that” structure is a valuable tool for emphasizing importance and conveying urgency in your IELTS writing and speaking. By understanding its construction, practicing its application, and being mindful of common errors, you can confidently use this structure to elevate your language and achieve a higher band score. Remember to use it judiciously and combine it with other grammatical structures to showcase your range and flexibility in English.