The relationship between economic development and environmental degradation is a highly relevant topic in today’s world, especially within the context of the IELTS Writing Task 2 exam. Over the past few years, questions related to economic progress and its impact on the environment have frequently appeared in IELTS exams. This trend is likely to continue due to increasing global concerns over climate change, pollution, and sustainable development.
In this article, we will explore a sample IELTS Writing Task 2 question related to this topic, provide a detailed analysis, and present a model essay. Additionally, we will cover important vocabulary and grammar points to help IELTS learners improve their writing skills.
Sample IELTS Writing Task 2 Question
The effects of economic development on environmental degradation
Question:
Some people believe that economic development leads to increased environmental pollution and degradation. Others argue that this can be avoided through good governance and technological innovation. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Analysis of the Question
The question asks the candidate to discuss both sides of the argument:
- Economic development leads to environmental pollution and degradation.
- Good governance and technological innovation can prevent environmental degradation associated with economic development.
It also requires the candidate to provide their own opinion. This type of question is a “discuss both views and give your opinion” essay, which is common in IELTS Writing Task 2.
Model Essay
Question:
Some people believe that economic development leads to increased environmental pollution and degradation. Others argue that this can be avoided through good governance and technological innovation. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
The relationship between economic development and environmental degradation has been a subject of intense debate. While some argue that economic progress inevitably leads to environmental pollution and degradation, others contend that it can be mitigated through effective governance and technological advancements. This essay will discuss both perspectives before presenting my own opinion.
On the one hand, economic development often results in environmental degradation. As industries expand and urban areas grow, the demand for natural resources escalates, leading to deforestation, water pollution, and air pollution. For instance, the rapid industrialization of countries like China and India has resulted in significant levels of pollution and environmental damage. Additionally, the increased production and consumption that accompany economic growth contribute to the rising levels of waste and emissions, further exacerbating environmental issues.
On the other hand, proponents of sustainable development argue that economic progress does not necessarily have to come at the expense of the environment. With good governance, policies can be implemented to regulate industrial practices and enforce environmental protection laws. For example, Scandinavian countries like Sweden have successfully managed to balance economic growth with environmental preservation through stringent regulations and public awareness campaigns. Furthermore, technological innovations can play a pivotal role in reducing environmental impact. Renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power can significantly decrease reliance on fossil fuels, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
In my opinion, while economic development does pose certain environmental challenges, they can be addressed through a combination of robust governance and technological innovation. It is crucial for governments to enact and enforce regulations that limit industrial emissions and promote sustainable practices. Simultaneously, investment in green technologies and renewable energy is essential to minimize environmental degradation. By adopting such measures, it is possible to achieve economic growth without compromising environmental health.
In conclusion, while economic development can lead to environmental problems, effective governance and technological advancements offer viable solutions to mitigate these issues. By prioritizing sustainable practices, it is possible to foster economic growth while safeguarding our environment.
Word Count: 343
Tips for Writing the Essay
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Understanding the Question: Make sure you clearly understand the different parts of the question and address each part in your essay.
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Structure and Coherence: Use a clear structure with an introduction, body paragraphs discussing both views, and a conclusion. Each paragraph should be logically linked to the next.
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Vocabulary and Grammar: Utilize a range of vocabulary and complex grammatical structures to showcase your language proficiency. For example, words like “mitigate,” “sustainable,” “regulations,” and “renewable energy” can enhance the quality of your essay.
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Providing Examples: Use examples to support your arguments. These can be real-world examples or hypothetical scenarios.
Difficult Vocabulary to Remember
- Degradation (noun) /ˌdɛɡrəˈdeɪʃən/: The process of something being damaged or deteriorated.
- Mitigate (verb) /ˈmɪtɪˌɡeɪt/: To make less severe or serious.
- Stringent (adjective) /ˈstrɪndʒənt/: Strict, precise, and exacting.
- Exacerbate (verb) /ɪɡˈzæsərˌbeɪt/: To make a problem or negative situation worse.
- Pivotal (adjective) /ˈpɪvətəl/: Of crucial importance in relation to the development or success of something.
- Sustainable (adjective) /səˈsteɪnəbl/: Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level without depleting natural resources.
- Governance (noun) /ˈɡʌvərnəns/: The action or manner of governing.
- Renewable (adjective) /rəˈnuːəbl/: Capable of being renewed or sustained.
Conclusion
In summary, economic development and environmental degradation are intricately linked, but policies and technologies can mitigate the negative impacts. As this issue continues to gain prominence, it is likely to remain a common topic in IELTS Writing Task 2. Future questions may include discussions on sustainable practices, renewable energy adoption, or the role of international organizations in environmental protection. Therefore, it is essential to be well-prepared and informed about these topics to excel in the exam.