Urban development has consistently been a popular topic in IELTS Writing Task 2. Over the years, the impact of urbanization on social structures, relationships, and communities has been a recurring theme. This is likely due to its relevance as urban populations continue to grow worldwide. In this article, we will explore one specific aspect of urbanization: its effects on social cohesion. We will also analyze a relevant IELTS task and provide a model essay along with essential vocabulary and tips.
Chosen Task and Analysis
Let’s examine the following IELTS Writing Task 2 prompt:
Some people believe that urban development exacerbates social divisions and reduces community spirit. Others think it fosters social integration and strengthens community bonds. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
This topic requires us to consider both sides of the argument before presenting our own opinion. The essay should be structured with an introduction, body paragraphs discussing both views, and a conclusion providing our stance.
Model Essay
Introduction:
Urban development is a double-edged sword affecting social cohesion. While some argue that it fosters division and diminishes community spirit, others believe that it promotes social integration and strengthens bonds. This essay will discuss both perspectives and present my viewpoint.
Body Paragraph 1 – Negative Effects:
Proponents of the view that urban development exacerbates social divisions argue that rapid urbanization often results in economic disparity, leading to social stratification. For instance, in many metropolises, affluent areas are starkly contrasted with underdeveloped neighborhoods, creating physical and psychological barriers between different social groups. Moreover, the increased pace of life in urban settings can erode traditional community values and reduce opportunities for meaningful social interactions. The rise of high-rise apartments, while addressing housing shortages, often limits communal spaces and activities, thereby diminishing the sense of community.
Body Paragraph 2 – Positive Effects:
Conversely, supporters of the notion that urban development fosters social integration highlight the benefits of mixed-use developments and public spaces. Well-planned urban areas can bring diverse populations together through shared amenities such as parks, cultural centers, and public transportation. Furthermore, cities often offer more opportunities for social mobility, allowing individuals from various backgrounds to improve their socioeconomic status through education and employment. This upward mobility can blur social divisions and promote a more inclusive community.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, while urban development can lead to social divisions due to economic disparities and reduced communal activities, it also has the potential to integrate diverse populations through inclusive planning and increased opportunities. Therefore, the impact of urban development on social cohesion largely depends on the approach taken in urban planning and the policies implemented to address inequality.
Word count: 274 words
Tips for Writing about Urban Development and Social Cohesion
- Vocabulary: Use terms relevant to urban planning and social interactions, such as “urbanization,” “social stratification,” “community spirit,” “inclusivity,” and “public amenities.”
- Grammar: Pay attention to the use of complex sentences to ensure coherence. Transition words like “while,” “moreover,” and “conversely” help in presenting contrasting views clearly.
- Structure: Always structure your essay logically. Start with an introduction, followed by body paragraphs discussing each viewpoint, and conclude with your opinion.
Key Vocabulary
- Urbanization (n.) /ˌɜːrbənaɪˈzeɪʃn/: The process of making an area more urban.
- Stratification (n.) /ˌstrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/: The division of society into classes.
- Social mobility (n.) /ˌsoʊʃəl moʊˈbɪləti/: The ability to move up or down the social hierarchy.
- Communal (adj.) /ˈkɒmjʊnəl/: Shared by all members of a community.
- Inclusive (adj.) /ɪnˈkluːsɪv/: Including all types of people, without discrimination.
Conclusion
In summary, urban development can have varying impacts on social cohesion. Whether it results in division or integration largely depends on urban planning and social policies. As such, it is crucial to consider these factors when preparing for IELTS Writing Task 2 on this topic. For further practice, try discussing similar topics such as the effects of urban development on local communities or rural to urban migration.
Keep practicing with different prompts and refining your essays to achieve a higher band score in the IELTS Writing section.