Urbanization and its impact on natural habitats is a recurring theme in IELTS Writing Task 2. This topic has appeared in various forms over the years and is likely to continue being relevant due to its global significance. Let’s explore a sample question and provide model essays to help you prepare for this important subject.
Analyzing the Topic
The effects of urbanization on natural habitats is a complex issue that combines environmental concerns with urban development. It’s crucial to understand both the positive and negative aspects of this phenomenon to craft a well-balanced essay.
Let’s examine a typical IELTS Writing Task 2 question on this topic:
As cities continue to grow, they increasingly encroach on natural habitats, leading to a loss of biodiversity. Some people argue that urban expansion is necessary for economic growth, while others believe protecting the environment should be the priority. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Analyzing the Question
This question requires you to:
- Discuss the view that urban expansion is necessary for economic growth
- Discuss the view that protecting the environment should be the priority
- Give your own opinion on the matter
Remember to address all parts of the question and provide a balanced argument before stating your position.
Model Essays
Band 8-9 Essay
The rapid growth of cities and its impact on natural ecosystems is a contentious issue in modern society. While some argue that urban expansion is crucial for economic development, others contend that environmental protection should take precedence. This essay will examine both perspectives before presenting my own viewpoint.
Proponents of urban growth often cite economic benefits as their primary justification. They argue that expanding cities create jobs, attract investments, and stimulate economic activity. For instance, the development of new urban areas can lead to the construction of infrastructure, housing, and commercial spaces, which in turn generates employment opportunities and boosts local economies. Moreover, larger cities often become hubs of innovation and technology, further driving economic progress.
On the other hand, environmentalists and conservationists emphasize the irreplaceable value of natural habitats. They contend that the loss of biodiversity resulting from urbanization can have far-reaching and potentially catastrophic consequences for both wildlife and humans. The destruction of forests, wetlands, and other ecosystems not only threatens countless species but also disrupts essential ecological services such as carbon sequestration, water purification, and climate regulation. Furthermore, they argue that the long-term costs of environmental degradation may outweigh the short-term economic gains of urban expansion.
In my opinion, while urban development is undeniably important for economic growth, it should not come at the expense of our planet’s ecological health. I believe that a balanced approach, which prioritizes sustainable urban planning and conservation efforts, is the most prudent course of action. This could involve implementing green building practices, creating urban wildlife corridors, and preserving critical habitats within and around cities. Additionally, governments should invest in rehabilitating degraded ecosystems and promoting nature-based solutions to urban challenges.
In conclusion, the debate between urban expansion and environmental protection highlights the complex challenges we face in the 21st century. While economic growth is essential for societal progress, it must be pursued in a manner that respects and preserves our natural world. By adopting sustainable urban development practices and recognizing the intrinsic value of biodiversity, we can strive for a future where cities and nature coexist harmoniously.
(Word count: 345)
Band 6-7 Essay
The growth of cities and its effects on natural habitats is a big problem today. Some people think that making cities bigger is important for the economy, but others believe we should protect nature first. I will discuss both sides and give my opinion.
People who support urban expansion say it’s good for the economy. When cities grow, new buildings and roads are built, which creates jobs for many people. Big cities also attract businesses and investors, which can make the country richer. For example, when a new area of a city is developed, it can bring shops, offices, and houses, giving people places to work and live.
However, those who want to protect the environment argue that destroying natural habitats is very dangerous. When we build cities in areas where animals and plants live, many species can die out. This is bad for nature and can also affect humans in the long run. For instance, cutting down forests to build houses can lead to problems like flooding and air pollution, which harm people’s health and quality of life.
In my opinion, we need to find a balance between growing our cities and protecting nature. I think it’s possible to have economic growth without destroying the environment if we plan our cities carefully. We should try to build in a way that doesn’t harm animals and plants too much. For example, we could make parks in cities and leave some natural areas untouched. We should also use eco-friendly materials and designs when building new structures.
To sum up, while urban expansion can help the economy, we must also think about its impact on nature. I believe that with good planning and respect for the environment, we can have both economic growth and healthy natural habitats.
(Word count: 296)
Writing Tips
When addressing this topic, keep the following in mind:
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Vocabulary: Use a range of environmental and urban development terms. For higher band scores, incorporate more sophisticated vocabulary.
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Grammar: Employ a variety of sentence structures. Higher band essays should demonstrate complex sentences without errors.
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Cohesion: Ensure your paragraphs flow logically. Use appropriate linking words and phrases.
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Task Response: Address all parts of the question. Higher band essays should provide a nuanced discussion of both viewpoints.
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Examples: Include relevant examples to support your arguments. More specific examples can elevate your essay.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
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Biodiversity (noun) /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/: The variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat.
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Encroach (verb) /ɪnˈkrəʊtʃ/: To gradually take away someone’s rights or intrude on their territory.
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Ecosystem (noun) /ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm/: A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
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Urbanization (noun) /ˌɜːbənaɪˈzeɪʃn/: The process by which towns and cities are formed and become larger as more people begin living and working in central areas.
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Sustainability (noun) /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/: The ability to maintain at a certain rate or level, especially regarding ecological balance.
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Infrastructure (noun) /ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃə(r)/: The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
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Conservation (noun) /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/: The action of preserving, protecting, or restoring the natural environment, natural ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife.
Conclusion
The impact of urbanization on natural habitats is a critical topic in IELTS Writing Task 2. By understanding the key arguments and using appropriate vocabulary, you can craft a compelling essay on this subject. Remember to practice writing essays on related topics, such as:
- The role of green spaces in urban planning
- Balancing economic development with environmental protection
- Sustainable city design and its challenges
We encourage you to practice writing an essay on the given topic and share it in the comments section below. This active practice will help you improve your writing skills and prepare effectively for your IELTS exam.
For more information on how urbanization affects wildlife and ecosystems, you may find these articles helpful: