Genetic engineering in agriculture is a hot topic that frequently appears in IELTS Writing Task 2 questions. Given its relevance to current global issues, it’s likely to remain a popular subject in future exams. Let’s explore this theme through a sample question and provide model essays to help you prepare for your IELTS writing test.
Analyzing the Question
Let’s consider the following IELTS Writing Task 2 question:
Some people think that genetic engineering in agriculture is the solution to world hunger, while others believe it poses serious risks to human health and the environment. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
This question requires you to:
- Discuss the potential benefits of genetic engineering in agriculture, particularly in addressing world hunger.
- Explore the concerns about risks to human health and the environment.
- Present your own opinion on the issue.
Model Essay for Band 8-9
Here’s a sample essay that would likely score in the Band 8-9 range:
Genetic engineering in agriculture has been hailed by some as a panacea for global food insecurity, while others view it with skepticism due to potential risks. This essay will examine both perspectives before presenting my own viewpoint.
Proponents of genetic engineering argue that it offers a viable solution to world hunger. By creating crops that are resistant to pests, diseases, and harsh environmental conditions, scientists can significantly increase crop yields. Furthermore, genetically modified (GM) foods can be engineered to have enhanced nutritional profiles, potentially addressing malnutrition in developing countries. For instance, Golden Rice, enriched with beta-carotene, was developed to combat vitamin A deficiency in regions where traditional rice is a staple food.
On the other hand, critics raise valid concerns about the potential risks associated with GM crops. There are fears that genetic modifications could lead to unforeseen health consequences in humans, such as allergic reactions or the transfer of antibiotic-resistant genes. Environmentalists also worry about the impact on biodiversity, as GM crops might cross-pollinate with wild relatives, potentially creating “superweeds” or disrupting local ecosystems. Moreover, the dominance of GM crops could lead to a reduction in genetic diversity, making our food supply more vulnerable to large-scale crop failures.
In my opinion, while genetic engineering in agriculture offers promising solutions to food security challenges, it is crucial to approach its implementation with caution. I believe that continued research and stringent safety protocols are essential to harness the benefits of this technology while minimizing potential risks. Governments and international bodies should establish robust regulatory frameworks to ensure thorough testing of GM crops before their release into the environment or food supply.
In conclusion, genetic engineering in agriculture presents both opportunities and challenges. By carefully balancing innovation with precaution, we can work towards addressing global hunger while safeguarding human health and environmental integrity.
(Word count: 309)
Model Essay for Band 6-7
Here’s a sample essay that would likely score in the Band 6-7 range:
Genetic engineering in agriculture is a controversial topic. Some people think it can solve world hunger, while others worry about its risks. This essay will discuss both views and give my opinion.
Supporters of genetic engineering say it can help feed more people. Scientists can make crops that grow better and produce more food. They can also make foods with more vitamins, which could help people who don’t get enough nutrition. For example, they made a type of rice with more vitamin A to help people in poor countries.
However, other people are worried about genetic engineering. They think it might be bad for our health. Some people are afraid that eating genetically modified food might make us sick or cause allergies. They also worry about the environment. GM crops might spread to other plants and cause problems. Also, if we only use GM crops, we might lose other types of plants, which could be bad if something goes wrong with the GM crops.
I think genetic engineering in agriculture could be helpful, but we need to be careful. We should do more research to make sure it’s safe for people and the environment. Governments should make rules to check GM foods before allowing them to be sold. This way, we can try to solve hunger problems without causing new problems.
In conclusion, genetic engineering in agriculture has good and bad points. We need to think carefully about how to use it to help people without causing harm.
(Word count: 253)
Key Points to Remember When Writing
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Structure: Both essays follow a clear structure with an introduction, body paragraphs discussing each viewpoint, and a conclusion with the writer’s opinion. The Band 8-9 essay has more sophisticated paragraph transitions and a more nuanced conclusion.
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Language: The Band 8-9 essay uses more advanced vocabulary and complex sentence structures, while the Band 6-7 essay uses simpler language and shorter sentences.
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Development of Ideas: The Band 8-9 essay provides more specific examples and deeper analysis, while the Band 6-7 essay offers more general statements.
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Cohesion and Coherence: Both essays use linking words, but the Band 8-9 essay demonstrates more sophisticated use of cohesive devices.
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Task Response: Both essays address all parts of the question, but the Band 8-9 essay does so with greater depth and precision.
Vocabulary to Remember
Here are some key vocabulary items related to this topic:
- Genetic engineering (noun) /dʒəˈnetɪk ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ/ – The manipulation of an organism’s genes using biotechnology
- Panacea (noun) /ˌpænəˈsiːə/ – A solution or remedy for all difficulties or diseases
- Malnutrition (noun) /ˌmælnjuːˈtrɪʃn/ – Lack of proper nutrition
- Biodiversity (noun) /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/ – The variety of plant and animal life in the world
- Cross-pollinate (verb) /ˌkrɒs ˈpɒlɪneɪt/ – Transfer pollen from one plant to another
- Stringent (adjective) /ˈstrɪndʒənt/ – Strict, precise, and exacting
- Regulatory framework (noun phrase) /ˈregjələtəri ˈfreɪmwɜːk/ – A system of regulations and guidelines
- Food security (noun phrase) /fuːd sɪˈkjʊərəti/ – The state of having reliable access to sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food
Conclusion
The ethical considerations of genetic engineering in agriculture present a complex and nuanced topic for IELTS Writing Task 2. By understanding the key arguments and using appropriate vocabulary and structures, you can craft a well-reasoned response to questions on this subject. Remember to practice writing essays on related topics, such as:
- The role of technology in sustainable farming
- Ethical concerns in biotechnology research
- The impact of genetically modified foods on global trade
We encourage you to try writing your own essay on the question provided in this article. Share your essay in the comments section below for feedback and discussion with other learners. This practice will help you refine your skills and prepare effectively for the IELTS Writing Task 2.