The topic of automation’s impact on low-skilled labor has become increasingly prevalent in IELTS Writing Task 2 examinations. Based on recent test reports and how automation is affecting low-skilled labor markets, this theme appears in approximately 15% of technology-related questions. Let’s examine one frequently encountered question type:
Many low-skilled jobs are being replaced by machines or computers. What problems could this cause? What can be done to solve these problems?
Question Analysis
This question requires candidates to:
- Identify potential problems caused by automation
- Propose viable solutions
- Structure responses in a problem-solution format
- Include specific examples and supporting evidence
The impact of automation on low-skilled workers in a modern factory setting
Band 8 Sample Essay (290 words)
The increasing automation of low-skilled jobs presents significant challenges to workforce dynamics, as discussed in studies about how technology is transforming job markets in developing countries. This essay will examine the resulting problems and propose potential solutions.
The primary issue arising from automation is widespread unemployment among low-skilled workers. When machines replace humans in manufacturing, retail, and service sectors, countless individuals lose their livelihoods. This creates a cascade of social problems, including increased poverty rates and mental health issues. Furthermore, the displacement of workers can lead to greater income inequality, as those without advanced skills struggle to find alternative employment opportunities.
However, several solutions can address these challenges. Firstly, governments should implement comprehensive retraining programs to equip displaced workers with new skills relevant to the digital economy. For instance, former factory workers could be trained in machine maintenance or basic programming. Additionally, educational systems must be reformed to emphasize technological literacy and adaptable skills from an early age, preparing future generations for an automated workplace.
Moreover, policymakers should consider introducing Universal Basic Income (UBI) as a safety net for those affected by technological unemployment. This would provide financial stability during career transitions and prevent severe economic hardship. Companies implementing automation should also be required to contribute to worker retraining funds, ensuring corporate responsibility in the transition process.
In conclusion, while automation poses significant challenges to low-skilled workers, proactive measures focusing on education, retraining, and social support can help mitigate these issues. The key lies in preparing the workforce for technological change rather than resisting it.
Band 6.5 Sample Essay (275 words)
The replacement of low-skilled workers by machines is becoming more common nowadays, causing several problems that need solutions. This essay will discuss these issues and suggest ways to deal with them.
One of the biggest problems is that many people lose their jobs when companies start using machines. For example, when supermarkets install self-checkout machines, they need fewer cashiers. This means many workers become unemployed and cannot support their families. Another problem is that older workers find it hard to learn new skills for different jobs, making it difficult for them to find new work.
Impact of automated checkout systems on retail employment
To solve these problems, governments and companies can take several actions. First, they can provide training programs to help workers learn new skills. For instance, factory workers could learn how to operate and maintain the machines that replaced them. Schools should also teach students about technology so they are better prepared for future jobs.
Companies should also take responsibility by helping their workers adapt to changes. They could offer part-time work options or move workers to different departments instead of firing them. The government could also give money to people who lost their jobs while they look for new work or learn new skills.
In conclusion, while machines taking over jobs causes problems like unemployment, there are ways to help affected workers through training and support programs. It’s important for everyone – governments, companies, and workers – to work together to handle these changes.
Analysis of Band Scores
Band 8 Essay Strengths:
- Sophisticated vocabulary and complex structures
- Clear organization with cohesive devices
- Well-developed ideas with specific examples
- Academic tone throughout
- Precise language use
Band 6.5 Essay Characteristics:
- Simple but clear expression
- Basic organizational structure
- Some development of ideas
- Mix of formal and informal language
- Limited range of complex structures
Key Vocabulary
- Automation (n) /ˌɔːtəˈmeɪʃn/ – the use of machines to do work previously done by people
- Displacement (n) /dɪsˈpleɪsmənt/ – the act of forcing something out of its usual position
- Technological literacy (n) /ˌteknəˈlɒdʒɪkəl ˈlɪtərəsi/ – ability to use and understand technology
- Universal Basic Income (n) /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsl ˈbeɪsɪk ˈɪnkʌm/ – government program providing all citizens with a basic income
- Cascade (n) /kæˈskeɪd/ – something that happens in stages or as part of a process
For further practice, consider writing essays about impact of automation on employment opportunities in developing countries. Share your essays in the comments for feedback and discussion.
