Climate change and its impact on global agriculture is a topic of growing concern and relevance in IELTS Writing Task 2. This subject has appeared in various forms in past exams and is likely to continue being a popular theme due to its global significance. Based on our analysis of past IELTS exams and current trends, we have identified a highly probable question that aligns closely with this topic:
Some people believe that climate change will have a devastating effect on global agriculture in the coming decades. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
Let’s analyze this question and provide sample essays for different band scores to help you understand how to approach this topic effectively.
Question Analysis
This question is asking for your opinion on the potential impact of climate change on global agriculture. Key points to consider:
- The phrase “devastating effect” suggests severe negative consequences.
- “Global agriculture” indicates you should think about worldwide impacts, not just local effects.
- “In the coming decades” implies you should consider both short-term and long-term effects.
- “To what extent do you agree or disagree” means you need to clearly state your position and support it with reasons and examples.
The impact of climate change on global agriculture is a complex topic that requires a balanced approach in your response.
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)
Climate change is undeniably one of the most pressing issues of our time, and its potential impact on global agriculture is a matter of grave concern. I strongly agree that climate change will have a devastating effect on worldwide food production in the coming decades, and this essay will elucidate the reasons for my stance.
Firstly, the increasing frequency and severity of extreme weather events directly threaten crop yields and livestock. Droughts, floods, and heatwaves, which are becoming more common due to climate change, can destroy entire harvests and decimate animal populations. For instance, the prolonged drought in Australia from 2017 to 2019 resulted in a significant drop in agricultural output, particularly affecting wheat and cattle production.
Secondly, rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns are altering the geographical distribution of suitable farming areas. Traditional agricultural regions may become unsuitable for certain crops, forcing farmers to adapt or relocate. This shift not only disrupts established farming practices but also puts pressure on new areas that may lack the necessary infrastructure or soil quality for large-scale agriculture.
Moreover, climate change is exacerbating the spread of pests and diseases that affect both crops and livestock. Warmer temperatures allow pests to survive in regions where they were previously unable to thrive, leading to increased crop damage and the need for more pesticide use. Similarly, livestock face greater risks from heat stress and new or spreading diseases, potentially causing significant losses in animal agriculture.
Infographic showing climate change impacts on agriculture
While some argue that technological advancements in agriculture could mitigate these effects, the pace and scale of climate change may outstrip our ability to adapt. Genetic modifications and precision farming techniques, though promising, may not be sufficient or accessible enough to counteract the widespread impacts of climate change, especially in developing countries where resources are limited.
In conclusion, the evidence overwhelmingly suggests that climate change will indeed have a devastating effect on global agriculture in the coming decades. The combination of extreme weather events, shifting agricultural zones, and increased pest and disease pressures poses a severe threat to food security worldwide. It is imperative that we take immediate and decisive action to mitigate climate change and develop resilient agricultural systems to ensure a sustainable food supply for future generations.
The effects of climate change on global agriculture are far-reaching and require a multifaceted approach to address effectively.
Explanation of Band 8-9 Score
This essay demonstrates the characteristics of a high-scoring response:
- Clear position: The writer strongly agrees with the statement and maintains this stance throughout.
- Well-developed ideas: Each paragraph focuses on a specific impact, providing detailed explanations and examples.
- Coherent structure: The essay follows a logical progression, with clear topic sentences and good use of linking words.
- Wide range of vocabulary: The writer uses sophisticated vocabulary relevant to the topic (e.g., “elucidate,” “decimate,” “exacerbating”).
- Varied sentence structures: The essay includes a mix of complex and compound sentences, demonstrating advanced grammar control.
- Addressing counterarguments: The writer acknowledges potential counterarguments (technological advancements) but explains why they may be insufficient.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)
Climate change is a big problem in the world today, and I agree that it will have a very bad effect on farming all over the world in the next few decades. There are several reasons why I think this.
First, climate change is causing more extreme weather like floods and droughts. These can destroy crops and kill farm animals. For example, in my country, we had a big flood last year that ruined many rice fields. This shows how climate change can hurt farming.
Second, as the Earth gets warmer, some places that used to be good for farming might become too hot or dry. This means farmers might have to move to new areas or change what they grow. It’s not easy for farmers to do this, and it can cost a lot of money.
Another problem is that climate change can bring new pests and diseases that harm crops and animals. When the weather gets warmer, insects that eat crops can survive in more places. This makes it harder for farmers to protect their plants.
Farmer examining crop damage due to climate change
Some people say that new technology can help solve these problems. While it’s true that scientists are working on new ways to grow food, I think climate change is happening too fast. Many farmers, especially in poor countries, might not be able to use this new technology quickly enough.
In conclusion, I strongly believe that climate change will cause big problems for farming around the world. It will lead to more extreme weather, changes in where we can grow food, and new challenges from pests and diseases. We need to act now to stop climate change and help farmers adapt to these changes.
Explanation of Band 6-7 Score
This essay demonstrates the characteristics of a mid-range response:
- Clear position: The writer agrees with the statement and maintains this position throughout.
- Relevant ideas: The essay covers several impacts of climate change on agriculture, though with less depth than the higher-band essay.
- Coherent structure: The essay has a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion, with some use of linking words.
- Adequate vocabulary: The writer uses topic-specific vocabulary, though with less sophistication than the higher-band essay.
- Some sentence variety: There is a mix of simple and compound sentences, with occasional complex structures.
- Basic counterargument: The essay briefly mentions a counterargument (new technology) but doesn’t develop it fully.
Key Vocabulary
Here are some important vocabulary items from the essays, along with their definitions and pronunciation:
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Devastating (adjective) /ˈdev.ə.steɪ.tɪŋ/: Causing severe and widespread destruction or damage.
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Elucidate (verb) /ɪˈluː.sɪ.deɪt/: To explain or make something clear.
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Exacerbate (verb) /ɪɡˈzæs.ər.beɪt/: To make a problem or bad situation worse.
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Mitigation (noun) /ˌmɪt.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/: The action of reducing the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something.
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Resilient (adjective) /rɪˈzɪl.i.ənt/: Able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions.
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Precipitation (noun) /prɪˌsɪp.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/: Rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to or condenses on the ground.
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Decimate (verb) /ˈdes.ɪ.meɪt/: To kill, destroy, or remove a large proportion of something.
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Imperative (adjective) /ɪmˈper.ə.tɪv/: Of vital importance; crucial.
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Sustainable (adjective) /səˈsteɪ.nə.bəl/: Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level.
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Adaptation (noun) /ˌæd.æpˈteɪ.ʃən/: The process of changing to suit different conditions.
Conclusion
Climate change and its impact on global agriculture is a critical topic that is likely to appear in various forms in future IELTS Writing Task 2 questions. To prepare effectively, consider practicing with related topics such as:
- The role of technology in mitigating climate change effects on agriculture
- Government policies to support farmers affected by climate change
- The importance of sustainable farming practices in the face of climate challenges
- The potential impact of climate change on food security and global hunger
Remember, the key to success in IELTS Writing Task 2 is to present a clear position, support it with well-developed ideas and examples, and use a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures appropriate to your target band score. Practice writing essays on this topic and related themes to improve your skills and confidence.
We encourage you to try writing your own essay on this topic and share it in the comments section below. This practice will help you apply what you’ve learned and receive feedback from others preparing for the IELTS exam.
