IELTS Writing Task 2: The Impact of Economic Inequality on Social Mobility – Sample Essays and Analysis

Economic inequality and its effects on social mobility have become increasingly prominent topics in IELTS Writing Task 2. This theme frequently appears in various forms, reflecting its significance in contemporary socio-economic discussions. Based on recent trends, we can expect this subject to remain relevant in future IELTS exams. Let’s explore a common question type related to this topic and analyze how to approach it effectively.

Some people believe that economic inequality is a necessary part of society and good for the economy. Others think it is a threat to social stability and should be reduced. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

Analyzing the Question

This question presents a classic IELTS Writing Task 2 format, asking you to discuss two contrasting viewpoints and provide your own opinion. The key aspects to address are:

1. The perspective that economic inequality is necessary and beneficial
2. The view that economic inequality threatens social stability
3. Your personal stance on the issue

It’s crucial to present a balanced argument, discussing both sides before concluding with your opinion.

Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)

Economic disparity is a contentious issue in modern societies, with some arguing for its necessity while others view it as detrimental. This essay will examine both perspectives before presenting my own viewpoint.

Proponents of economic inequality argue that it is an inevitable and even desirable aspect of a thriving economy. They contend that the prospect of greater wealth motivates individuals to innovate, take risks, and work harder, ultimately driving economic growth. Furthermore, they assert that the accumulation of wealth by successful entrepreneurs allows for significant investments in new ventures, creating jobs and fostering technological advancements. From this perspective, attempts to reduce inequality might stifle economic dynamism and lead to stagnation.

On the other hand, critics of economic inequality emphasize its potential to undermine social cohesion and stability. They argue that extreme disparities in wealth can lead to social unrest, crime, and political polarization. Moreover, they point out that high levels of inequality often result in unequal access to education, healthcare, and other essential services, perpetuating a cycle of poverty and limiting social mobility. This view suggests that reducing inequality is crucial for creating a fair and harmonious society where everyone has the opportunity to succeed based on merit rather than inherited privilege.

In my opinion, while some degree of economic inequality may be inevitable and even beneficial for economic growth, extreme disparities pose significant risks to social stability and equal opportunity. I believe that a balanced approach is necessary, one that encourages innovation and rewards effort while also ensuring a strong social safety net and equal access to basic services. Implementing progressive taxation systems, investing in public education and healthcare, and promoting inclusive economic policies can help strike this balance, fostering a society that is both economically dynamic and socially cohesive.

In conclusion, while economic inequality can drive innovation and growth, its extreme forms threaten social stability. A nuanced approach that balances economic incentives with social equity is essential for creating a prosperous and harmonious society.

(Word count: 309)

Economic inequality impact on social mobility

Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)

Economic inequality is a big topic in many countries today. Some people think it’s good for the economy, while others say it’s bad for society. This essay will look at both sides and give my opinion.

People who support economic inequality say it’s needed for a strong economy. They think it makes people work harder to get rich. For example, if someone sees others getting wealthy, they might try to start a business or get a better job. This can help the economy grow. Also, rich people can invest money in new companies, which creates jobs for others.

However, other people argue that economic inequality is harmful to society. They say it can cause problems like crime and political fighting. When some people are very rich and others are very poor, it can make the poor feel angry and left out. This might lead to social problems. Also, poor people might not be able to afford good education or healthcare, which makes it hard for them to improve their lives.

In my opinion, I think some economic inequality is okay, but too much is bad for society. It’s good to reward people who work hard, but everyone should have a fair chance to succeed. Governments should try to find a balance. They could do this by having fair tax systems and providing good public services like schools and hospitals for everyone.

To conclude, economic inequality has both good and bad effects. While it can motivate people, too much inequality can hurt society. Finding the right balance is important for a healthy economy and a stable society.

(Word count: 268)

Key Points to Remember When Writing

1. Structure: Both essays follow a clear structure with an introduction, body paragraphs discussing each viewpoint, a paragraph for personal opinion, and a conclusion. This organization is crucial for achieving a high band score.

2. Vocabulary: The band 8-9 essay uses more sophisticated vocabulary and expressions, such as “contentious issue,” “stifle economic dynamism,” and “perpetuating a cycle of poverty.” The band 6-7 essay uses simpler language but still conveys the main ideas effectively.

3. Grammar: The higher band essay demonstrates a wider range of complex structures, including conditional sentences and passive voice. The band 6-7 essay uses mostly simple and compound sentences, which is appropriate for that level.

4. Coherence and Cohesion: Both essays use linking words and phrases to connect ideas, but the band 8-9 essay does so more skillfully and with greater variety.

5. Development of Ideas: The band 8-9 essay provides more detailed explanations and examples, while the band 6-7 essay presents ideas more simply but still covers the main points.

Important Vocabulary to Remember

1. Economic inequality (noun) /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/ – differences in economic status between individuals or groups
2. Social mobility (noun) /ˈsəʊʃəl məʊˈbɪləti/ – the ability to move between different social classes
3. Contentious (adjective) /kənˈtenʃəs/ – causing or likely to cause disagreement
4. Stifle (verb) /ˈstaɪfəl/ – to prevent something from happening or developing
5. Perpetuate (verb) /pəˈpetʃueɪt/ – to make something continue indefinitely
6. Social cohesion (noun) /ˈsəʊʃəl kəʊˈhiːʒən/ – the strength of relationships and unity within a society
7. Polarization (noun) /ˌpəʊlərəˈzeɪʃən/ – the division of people into opposing groups
8. Progressive taxation (noun) /prəˈɡresɪv tækˈseɪʃən/ – a tax system where higher earners pay a higher percentage in tax
9. Social safety net (noun) /ˈsəʊʃəl ˈseɪfti net/ – government programs that protect citizens from economic hardship
10. Inclusive (adjective) /ɪnˈkluːsɪv/ – aiming to include all types of people and treat them fairly and equally

In conclusion, The Impact Of Economic Inequality On Social Mobility is a complex and relevant topic for IELTS Writing Task 2. When addressing this subject, it’s essential to present a balanced argument, considering both the potential benefits and drawbacks of economic inequality. Future IELTS questions might explore related themes such as the role of education in social mobility, government policies to reduce inequality, or the impact of technological advancements on economic disparity.

To improve your writing skills, try composing your own essay on this topic and share it in the comments section below. This practice will help you apply the vocabulary and structures discussed, enhancing your ability to tackle similar questions in the IELTS exam.