The topic of immigration’s impact on the economy is a recurring theme in IELTS Writing Task 2. Based on past exam trends and current global issues, this subject is likely to appear frequently in future tests. Let’s explore a relevant question that reflects real IELTS exam patterns and craft sample essays for different band scores.
IELTS Writing Task 2 Essay
Analyzing the Question
Let’s examine a typical IELTS Writing Task 2 question on this topic:
Some people believe that the influx of immigrants can boost a country’s economy, while others argue that it puts a strain on economic resources. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
This question requires you to:
- Discuss the positive impacts of immigration on the economy
- Explore the potential economic challenges caused by immigration
- Present your personal viewpoint on the issue
Now, let’s look at sample essays for different band scores.
Sample Essay for Band 8-9
Immigration’s impact on a nation’s economy is a complex and often contentious issue. While some argue that immigrants contribute significantly to economic growth, others contend that they place undue pressure on a country’s resources. In my opinion, when managed effectively, immigration can be a powerful driver of economic prosperity.
Proponents of immigration often highlight its positive economic effects. Firstly, immigrants frequently fill crucial labor gaps, particularly in sectors like agriculture, construction, and healthcare, where native workers may be scarce. This influx of labor can boost productivity and economic output. Moreover, many immigrants are entrepreneurs, starting businesses that create jobs and contribute to innovation. For instance, in the United States, companies founded by immigrants or their children, such as Google and Apple, have become global economic powerhouses.
On the other hand, critics argue that immigration can strain economic resources. They contend that an influx of low-skilled workers may depress wages for native workers in similar positions, potentially leading to increased unemployment or underemployment. Additionally, there are concerns about the short-term costs of providing public services such as healthcare and education to immigrant populations, particularly in countries with extensive welfare systems.
In my view, while these concerns are valid, they often overlook the long-term economic benefits of immigration. Research consistently shows that immigrants tend to be net contributors to public finances over time. As they integrate into society, learn the language, and advance in their careers, their economic contributions typically outweigh any initial costs. Furthermore, in many developed countries facing aging populations, immigrants can help offset demographic challenges by contributing to pension systems and maintaining a robust workforce.
To maximize the economic benefits of immigration while mitigating potential challenges, countries should implement thoughtful policies. These might include targeted skill-based immigration programs, support for immigrant entrepreneurship, and investments in integration services. By doing so, nations can harness the economic potential of immigration while addressing concerns about resource allocation.
In conclusion, while immigration can present short-term economic challenges, its long-term benefits to a country’s economy are substantial. With proper management and supportive policies, immigration can be a key driver of economic growth, innovation, and prosperity.
(Word count: 345)
Analysis of Band 8-9 Essay
This essay demonstrates characteristics of a high band score:
Task Response: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, discussing both viewpoints and clearly presenting a personal opinion.
Coherence and Cohesion: Ideas are logically organized with clear progression. Paragraphs are well-linked, and cohesive devices are used effectively.
Lexical Resource: A wide range of vocabulary is used accurately and appropriately. Examples include “contentious issue,” “undue pressure,” “productivity,” and “demographic challenges.”
Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a variety of complex structures accurately. It demonstrates good control of grammar and punctuation.
Development of Ideas: Each main point is well-developed with relevant examples and explanations.
Sample Essay for Band 6-7
Immigration’s effect on the economy is a topic that many people have different opinions about. Some think it helps the economy grow, while others believe it causes problems. I will discuss both sides and give my own thoughts on this issue.
People who support immigration say it can be good for the economy. One reason is that immigrants often do jobs that local people don’t want to do. For example, in many countries, immigrants work in farms or factories, which helps these businesses to keep running. Also, some immigrants start their own businesses, which can create new jobs and help the economy grow.
However, there are also people who think immigration can hurt the economy. They worry that too many immigrants might make it harder for local people to find jobs. This could happen if immigrants are willing to work for lower pay. Another concern is that immigrants might use public services like hospitals and schools, which could cost the government more money.
In my opinion, immigration can be good for the economy if it is managed well. I think the benefits, like having more workers and new businesses, are important for a country’s growth. But I also understand the worries about jobs and public services. I believe governments should have good plans to help immigrants settle in and contribute to the economy.
To make immigration work better, countries could focus on bringing in people with skills that are needed. They could also help immigrants learn the language and understand the culture, which would make it easier for them to find good jobs and start businesses.
In conclusion, while immigration can bring some challenges, I believe it can overall be positive for a country’s economy. The key is to have good policies that help both immigrants and local people benefit from the changes that immigration brings.
(Word count: 309)
Analysis of Band 6-7 Essay
This essay demonstrates characteristics of a mid-range band score:
Task Response: The essay addresses all parts of the task, presenting both viewpoints and a personal opinion. However, the ideas could be more fully developed.
Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is generally well-organized, but the use of cohesive devices is sometimes repetitive or mechanical.
Lexical Resource: There is a sufficient range of vocabulary, but more sophisticated words and phrases could be used. Some attempts at less common vocabulary are made.
Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a mix of simple and complex sentence structures. There are some errors, but they do not impede communication.
Development of Ideas: Main points are supported, but some ideas could be elaborated further with more specific examples or explanations.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
Here are some important vocabulary items from the essays:
- Influx (noun) /ˈɪnflʌks/ – The arrival of large numbers of people or things
- Contention (noun) /kənˈtenʃn/ – Heated disagreement
- Demographic (adjective) /ˌdeməˈɡræfɪk/ – Relating to the structure of populations
- Entrepreneurship (noun) /ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜːʃɪp/ – The activity of setting up businesses
- Integration (noun) /ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃn/ – The action of combining into an integral whole
- Mitigate (verb) /ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/ – Make less severe, serious, or painful
- Prosperity (noun) /prɒˈsperəti/ – The state of being successful or thriving
- Strain (noun) /streɪn/ – Pressure or tension exerted on a material object
- Undue (adjective) /ʌnˈdjuː/ – Excessive or disproportionate
- Welfare (noun) /ˈwelfeə(r)/ – The health, happiness, and fortunes of a person or group
Conclusion
The impact of immigration on the economy is a complex and frequent topic in IELTS Writing Task 2. To excel in your essay, focus on presenting balanced arguments, using specific examples, and demonstrating a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures. Practice writing essays on related topics such as:
- The effects of skilled vs. unskilled immigration on the economy
- The role of immigration in addressing labor shortages
- The economic impact of immigration on different sectors of the economy
Remember to time yourself and aim for at least 250 words. Feel free to share your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and discussion. Good luck with your IELTS preparation!