International trade and its effects on local economies is a topic that frequently appears in IELTS Writing Task 2. Based on recent trends and past exam questions, we can expect this theme to remain relevant in future tests. Let’s explore this topic through sample essays and in-depth analysis to help you prepare effectively for your IELTS exam.
Analyzing the Task 2 Question
Here’s a typical IELTS Writing Task 2 question on this topic:
Some people believe that international trade benefits only large companies and has negative effects on local businesses and economies. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
This question requires you to discuss the impacts of international trade on both large corporations and local economies. It’s crucial to address both aspects and clearly state your position.
Sample Essay 1: Band 8-9 Response
Let’s start with a high-scoring sample essay:
In today’s globalized world, international trade has become a cornerstone of economic growth. While some argue that it primarily benefits large corporations at the expense of local businesses and economies, I strongly disagree with this perspective. I believe that international trade, when managed effectively, can bring substantial benefits to both large companies and local economies alike.
Undoubtedly, multinational corporations often have the resources and scale to capitalize on international trade opportunities. Their global presence allows them to access new markets, reduce production costs, and increase profitability. However, this doesn’t necessarily come at the detriment of local economies. In fact, the success of these large companies can create ripple effects that benefit local businesses and communities. For instance, when a major corporation establishes operations in a new country, it often creates jobs, stimulates local supply chains, and introduces new technologies and practices that can uplift the entire business ecosystem.
Moreover, international trade opens up new opportunities for local businesses to expand beyond their domestic markets. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can now leverage e-commerce platforms and global logistics networks to reach customers worldwide. This expansion not only increases their revenue potential but also encourages innovation and competitiveness. For example, artisanal food producers in developing countries can now sell their unique products to gourmet markets in developed nations, preserving local traditions while boosting economic growth.
The influx of foreign goods and services through international trade also benefits local consumers. It provides them with a wider range of choices, often at more competitive prices. This increased competition can spur local businesses to improve their offerings, leading to higher quality products and services. Additionally, the exchange of goods often comes with an exchange of ideas and technologies, fostering innovation and progress in local industries.
However, it’s important to acknowledge that the benefits of international trade may not be evenly distributed, and some local businesses may face challenges from foreign competition. This is where government policies play a crucial role in ensuring fair trade practices and supporting local industries during transition periods. Initiatives such as export assistance programs, skills development, and targeted investments can help local businesses adapt and thrive in a global marketplace.
In conclusion, while international trade does offer significant advantages to large corporations, its benefits extend far beyond, positively impacting local businesses and economies in numerous ways. The key lies in implementing balanced policies that harness the opportunities of global trade while protecting and nurturing local economic interests.
(Word count: 397)
Analysis of Band 8-9 Essay
This essay demonstrates several key features that contribute to its high band score:
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Clear position: The writer clearly disagrees with the statement and maintains this stance throughout the essay.
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Coherent structure: The essay follows a logical progression, discussing benefits to large companies, local businesses, and consumers.
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Balanced argument: While primarily disagreeing, the essay acknowledges potential challenges and suggests solutions.
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Specific examples: The writer provides concrete examples to support each point, enhancing the essay’s credibility.
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Advanced vocabulary: The essay uses sophisticated vocabulary and collocations accurately (e.g., “cornerstone of economic growth”, “ripple effects”, “artisanal food producers”).
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Complex sentence structures: The writer employs a mix of simple and complex sentences, demonstrating linguistic flexibility.
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Cohesive devices: Transitions like “However”, “Moreover”, and “Additionally” are used effectively to link ideas.
Sample Essay 2: Band 6-7 Response
Now, let’s examine a mid-range sample essay:
International trade is a complex issue that affects economies worldwide. While some people believe it only benefits large companies and harms local businesses, I partially agree with this statement. I think that international trade can have both positive and negative effects on local economies.
Large companies often gain significant advantages from international trade. They have the resources to expand into new markets and can often produce goods more cheaply in other countries. This can lead to increased profits for these corporations. For example, many technology companies have manufacturing facilities in countries with lower labor costs, which helps them reduce expenses.
However, international trade can also create opportunities for local businesses. When large companies enter new markets, they often need local suppliers and partners. This can create new business opportunities for smaller, local companies. Additionally, international trade can expose local businesses to new ideas and technologies, helping them improve their products and services.
On the other hand, there are certainly negative effects on some local businesses. When cheaper imported goods enter a market, local producers may struggle to compete. This can lead to job losses and the closure of local businesses. For instance, small farmers in some countries have faced difficulties competing with imported agricultural products.
Consumers in local economies can benefit from international trade through access to a wider variety of products, often at lower prices. This can improve their quality of life and purchasing power. However, it’s important to consider the long-term effects on local production and employment.
To address these issues, governments need to implement policies that support local businesses while still allowing for the benefits of international trade. This could include programs to help local companies export their products or measures to protect certain industries from unfair competition.
In conclusion, while international trade does offer significant advantages to large corporations, it also has the potential to benefit local economies. The key is to find a balance that allows for the positive aspects of global trade while protecting local interests.
(Word count: 329)
Analysis of Band 6-7 Essay
This essay demonstrates several characteristics that place it in the Band 6-7 range:
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Clear position: The writer partially agrees with the statement and maintains this stance throughout.
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Logical structure: The essay presents both positive and negative aspects of international trade on local economies.
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Examples provided: The writer includes some examples, though they are less specific than in the Band 8-9 essay.
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Vocabulary use: The essay uses some topic-specific vocabulary, but with less sophistication than the higher band essay.
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Sentence structure: There’s a mix of simple and complex sentences, but less variety than in the Band 8-9 essay.
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Cohesion: The essay uses some linking words, but the flow between ideas could be smoother.
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Conclusion: The conclusion summarizes the main points but could offer more insight.
Key Vocabulary for IELTS Writing on International Trade
Here are some essential vocabulary items to remember when writing about international trade:
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Globalization (noun) /ˌɡləʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/: The process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture.
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Multinational corporation (noun) /mʌltiˈnæʃənl kɔːpəˈreɪʃn/: A company that operates in multiple countries.
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Tariff (noun) /ˈtærɪf/: A tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports.
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Protectionism (noun) /prəˈtekʃənɪzəm/: The theory or practice of shielding a country’s domestic industries from foreign competition by taxing imports.
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Free trade (noun) /friː treɪd/: International trade left to its natural course without tariffs, quotas, or other restrictions.
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Economic integration (noun) /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃən/: The unification of economic policies between different states through the partial or full abolition of tariff and non-tariff restrictions on trade.
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Competitive advantage (noun) /kəmˈpetətɪv ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/: A condition or circumstance that puts a company in a favorable or superior business position.
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Supply chain (noun) /səˈplaɪ tʃeɪn/: The network of organizations involved in the production and distribution of a product.
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Trade deficit (noun) /treɪd ˈdefɪsɪt/: The amount by which the cost of a country’s imports exceeds the value of its exports.
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Market liberalization (noun) /ˈmɑːkɪt ˌlɪbərəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/: The removal or reduction of restrictions or barriers on the free exchange of goods between nations.
Conclusion
The impact of international trade on local economies is a complex and nuanced topic that’s likely to appear in future IELTS Writing Task 2 questions. By understanding the key arguments and mastering relevant vocabulary, you’ll be well-prepared to tackle this subject.
For further practice, try writing your own essay on this topic:
Some argue that governments should prioritize protecting local industries over promoting international trade. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Feel free to share your practice essays in the comments section below. This active practice is an excellent way to improve your writing skills and prepare for your IELTS exam.
If you found this guide helpful, you might also be interested in our articles on The Role of International Trade in Promoting Economic Growth and How Can We Promote Sustainable Development Through International Trade? for more insights on related topics.