Tourism ethics has become an increasingly common theme in IELTS Writing Task 2, reflecting growing global concerns about Tourism: economic impact and sustainability. Based on analysis of past exams, questions about responsible tourism practices appear approximately every 3-4 months, making it a high-probability topic for future tests.
Analysis of Sample Question
Some people believe that tourism causes damage to local cultures and the environment. Others think that it benefits local communities. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
This question explores the impact of tourism on local cultures and requires candidates to:
- Examine positive and negative impacts
- Present balanced arguments
- Express a personal stance
- Provide relevant examples
Band 8-9 Model Answer
Tourism’s impact on local communities is a complex issue that merits careful consideration of both its advantages and drawbacks. While some argue that tourism poses significant threats to cultural authenticity and environmental integrity, I believe that its benefits, when properly managed, outweigh the potential risks.
The importance of preserving indigenous cultures is often challenged by mass tourism. When large numbers of visitors flood traditional communities, local customs may become commercialized and lose their original meaning. For instance, sacred ceremonies in Bali are sometimes performed purely for tourists’ entertainment, diminishing their spiritual significance. Moreover, the influx of tourists can strain local resources, leading to environmental degradation through increased waste production and habitat destruction.
However, tourism can significantly benefit local communities when managed responsibly. The industry generates substantial employment opportunities and economic growth, enabling communities to preserve their heritage through increased financial resources. In Bhutan, for example, the government’s high-value, low-impact tourism policy has successfully balanced cultural preservation with economic development. Additionally, cultural exchange through tourism can foster mutual understanding and appreciation, encouraging locals to maintain their traditions while adapting to modern realities.
In my opinion, while the concerns about tourism’s negative impacts are valid, the solution lies in implementing sustainable practices rather than restricting tourism entirely. The role of governments in promoting ethical tourism is crucial, as they can establish regulations that protect local cultures while maximizing economic benefits. For instance, limiting visitor numbers, promoting authentic cultural experiences, and ensuring fair distribution of tourism revenue can create a more sustainable model.
(295 words)
Band 6-7 Model Answer
Tourism has both positive and negative effects on local communities and the environment. This essay will discuss both sides of this issue and present my view.
On the negative side, tourism can harm local cultures and damage the environment. When too many tourists visit a place, they can change the traditional way of life. For example, in some tourist areas, local people stop doing their traditional jobs to work in hotels and restaurants. Also, tourists create a lot of waste and pollution, which can harm nature and wildlife.
However, tourism also brings many benefits to local communities. First, it creates jobs and helps people earn more money. This means they can have a better life and send their children to school. Second, tourism helps people learn about different cultures. When tourists visit, local people can share their traditions and customs with others.
In my opinion, tourism is mostly good for local communities if it is managed well. Governments should make rules to protect the environment and local cultures while still allowing tourism to develop. This way, both tourists and local people can benefit.
(146 words)
Key Vocabulary
- cultural authenticity (n) /ˌkʌltʃərəl ɔːˈθentɪsɪti/ – genuineness of cultural expressions
- commercialization (n) /kəˌmɜːʃəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ – process of making something profitable
- indigenous (adj) /ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs/ – native to a particular place
- sustainability (n) /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ – ability to maintain at a certain level
- degradation (n) /ˌdegrəˈdeɪʃən/ – deterioration in quality
- heritage (n) /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ – traditional culture passed down
- mutual understanding (n) /ˈmjuːtʃuəl ˌʌndəˈstændɪŋ/ – shared comprehension between parties
Conclusion
As tourism continues to grow globally, understanding and writing about ethical tourism practices becomes increasingly important for IELTS candidates. Practice writing essays on related topics such as:
- Mass tourism vs. sustainable tourism
- Cultural preservation in tourist destinations
- Environmental protection in popular tourist areas
Share your practice essays in the comments for feedback and improvement suggestions.