The topic of genetic engineering and its moral implications has become increasingly relevant in IELTS Writing Task 2 exams. Based on analysis of past exam trends and discussions on reputable IELTS websites, this theme is likely to appear more frequently in future tests. Let’s explore a sample question that aligns closely with real exam topics:
Some people think that genetic engineering should be used to produce more nutritious food. Others believe that genetic engineering is too dangerous and should be banned. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Analyzing the Question
This question requires candidates to:
- Discuss the advantages of genetic engineering in food production
- Explore the potential dangers and arguments for banning genetic engineering
- Provide a personal opinion on the topic
It’s crucial to address all parts of the question to achieve a high band score. Let’s examine sample essays for different band scores.
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)
Genetic engineering has emerged as a controversial topic in recent years, particularly in relation to food production. While some advocate for its use to enhance nutritional value in foods, others argue that the risks outweigh the potential benefits. This essay will explore both perspectives before presenting my own viewpoint.
Proponents of genetic engineering in food production argue that it can significantly improve the nutritional content of various crops. By modifying genes, scientists can enhance the vitamin and mineral content of staple foods, potentially addressing malnutrition issues in developing countries. For instance, Golden Rice, enriched with beta-carotene, could help combat vitamin A deficiency in areas where traditional rice is a dietary staple. Moreover, genetically engineered crops can be made more resistant to pests and diseases, reducing the need for harmful pesticides and potentially increasing crop yields.
On the other hand, critics contend that genetic engineering poses too many risks to be widely implemented. One primary concern is the potential for unforeseen consequences on human health and the environment. The long-term effects of consuming genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are not yet fully understood, and some fear that these altered foods could lead to allergies or other health issues. Additionally, there are worries about the impact on biodiversity, as genetically modified crops might cross-pollinate with wild relatives, potentially disrupting ecosystems.
In my opinion, while genetic engineering offers promising solutions to global food challenges, it should be approached with caution and strict regulation. The potential benefits in terms of nutrition and food security cannot be ignored, especially in the face of climate change and population growth. However, I believe that extensive research and long-term studies are crucial before widespread implementation. Governments and international bodies should establish robust frameworks to ensure the safety of genetically engineered foods and protect biodiversity.
In conclusion, genetic engineering in food production presents both opportunities and risks. While it has the potential to address pressing nutritional needs, concerns about its safety and environmental impact are valid. A balanced approach, prioritizing thorough research and stringent regulations, is necessary to harness the benefits of genetic engineering while minimizing potential risks.
(Word count: 349)
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)
Genetic engineering in food production is a topic that many people have different opinions about. Some think it’s a good way to make food more nutritious, while others believe it’s too dangerous and should not be allowed. I will discuss both sides and give my opinion.
People who support genetic engineering say it can make food better for our health. They argue that scientists can change the genes of plants to add more vitamins and minerals. This could help people in poor countries who don’t get enough nutrients from their food. Also, genetically modified crops might grow better and not need as many pesticides, which could be good for farmers and the environment.
However, there are also people who think genetic engineering is too risky. They worry that changing the genes of plants might have unexpected effects on our health or nature. We don’t know for sure what will happen if we eat genetically modified food for a long time. Some people are concerned that these new plants might cause allergies or other health problems. There’s also a fear that genetically modified plants could mix with wild plants and harm the environment.
In my opinion, I think genetic engineering could be useful, but we need to be careful. It might help solve some food problems in the world, especially as climate change affects farming. But I also think we need to do more research to make sure it’s safe. Governments should make strong rules about genetic engineering to protect people and the environment.
To conclude, genetic engineering in food has both good and bad points. It could make food more nutritious, but there are also risks we need to think about. I believe we should continue to study genetic engineering carefully and use it only if we’re sure it’s safe.
(Word count: 310)
Sample Essay 3 (Band 5-6)
Genetic engineering is a new way to make food better. Some people think it’s good, but others think it’s bad. I will talk about both ideas and say what I think.
Some people say genetic engineering can make food have more vitamins. This is good for people who don’t have enough food. They say scientists can change plants to make them grow better and not get sick easily. This might help farmers grow more food.
But other people think genetic engineering is dangerous. They worry it might make people sick if they eat the food. They also think it might be bad for nature. Some people are scared that the new plants might mix with normal plants and cause problems.
I think genetic engineering might be good, but we need to be careful. It could help make more food for people, but we need to make sure it’s safe. I think we should do more tests before we use it a lot.
In the end, genetic engineering has good and bad points. We need to think about both sides. I think we should keep studying it to see if it’s safe to use.
(Word count: 178)
Explanation of Band Scores
Band 8-9 Essay:
- Fully addresses all parts of the task with a well-developed response
- Presents a clear position throughout the essay
- Uses a wide range of vocabulary with very natural and sophisticated control
- Uses a wide range of complex structures with full flexibility and accuracy
- Organizes information logically with clear progression throughout
Band 6-7 Essay:
- Addresses all parts of the task, though some parts may be more fully covered than others
- Presents a relevant position, though the conclusions may become unclear or repetitive
- Uses an adequate range of vocabulary with some errors in word choice
- Uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms with some errors
- Arranges information coherently and there is a clear overall progression
Band 5-6 Essay:
- Addresses the task only partially; the format may be inappropriate in places
- Expresses a position but the development is not always clear
- Uses limited range of vocabulary; errors in word choice are noticeable
- Uses limited range of structures with some attempt to use complex sentences
- Presents information with some organization but there may be a lack of overall progression
Key Vocabulary to Remember
- Genetic engineering (noun) /dʒəˈnetɪk ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ/ – The process of manipulating an organism’s genes
- Nutritious (adjective) /njuːˈtrɪʃəs/ – Providing nourishment, especially to a high degree
- Malnutrition (noun) /ˌmælnjuːˈtrɪʃn/ – Lack of proper nutrition
- Biodiversity (noun) /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/ – The variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat
- Cross-pollinate (verb) /krɒs ˈpɒlɪneɪt/ – Transfer pollen from one plant to another
- Stringent (adjective) /ˈstrɪndʒənt/ – Strict, precise, and exacting
- Ecosystem (noun) /ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm/ – A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment
- Robust (adjective) /rəʊˈbʌst/ – Strong and healthy; vigorous
- Pesticide (noun) /ˈpestɪsaɪd/ – A substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to plants or animals
- Framework (noun) /ˈfreɪmwɜːk/ – A basic structure underlying a system, concept, or text
In conclusion, the topic of genetic engineering and its moral implications is likely to remain relevant in IELTS Writing Task 2 exams. To prepare effectively, practice writing essays on related topics such as:
- The ethical considerations of genetically modifying human embryos
- The impact of genetic engineering on biodiversity and ecosystems
- The role of government regulation in genetic engineering research
Remember to structure your essays clearly, use a range of vocabulary and complex sentences, and fully address all parts of the question. Practice writing your own essay on this topic and share it in the comments section for feedback and discussion. This active approach to learning will help you improve your IELTS Writing skills and prepare for success in the exam.