Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in agriculture is a topic that has appeared frequently in IELTS Writing Task 2 exams over the past few years. Given its relevance to global food security, environmental concerns, and ethical debates, it’s likely to remain a popular subject for future tests. Let’s examine a common question type related to this theme and explore sample essays for different band scores.
Some people think that genetically modified crops are the solution to world hunger, while others argue that they pose significant risks to human health and the environment. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Analysis of the Question
This question follows a classic IELTS Writing Task 2 format, asking candidates to discuss two opposing viewpoints and provide their own perspective. The topic revolves around the pros and cons of genetically modified foods, specifically focusing on their potential to address world hunger versus their possible risks to health and the environment.
Key points to consider:
- Advantages of GM crops in solving world hunger
- Potential risks to human health
- Environmental concerns
- Your personal stance based on the arguments presented
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)
Genetic modification of crops has been hailed by some as a revolutionary solution to global food shortages, while others view it with skepticism due to potential health and environmental risks. This essay will examine both perspectives before offering a balanced opinion on this contentious issue.
Proponents of GM crops argue that these scientifically enhanced plants can significantly boost food production, potentially alleviating hunger in impoverished regions. GM crops often boast increased yields, improved resistance to pests and diseases, and enhanced nutritional content. For instance, golden rice, enriched with beta-carotene, could help combat vitamin A deficiency in developing countries. Moreover, GM crops can be engineered to withstand harsh environmental conditions, making agriculture possible in previously unfarmable areas and thus expanding global food production capabilities.
Increased GM Crop Yields
On the other hand, critics raise valid concerns about the potential risks associated with GM crops. One primary apprehension is the unknown long-term effects on human health. Despite rigorous testing, some argue that unforeseen allergic reactions or other health issues may emerge over time. Environmental concerns are equally pressing, with fears that GM crops could disrupt local ecosystems by outcompeting native species or transferring modified genes to wild plants. Additionally, there are worries about the increasing corporate control over the food supply, as GM seeds are often patented by large agrochemical companies.
Potential GM Crop Risks
In my opinion, while GM crops offer promising solutions to world hunger, their implementation should be approached with caution and thorough scientific scrutiny. The potential benefits of increased food production and enhanced nutrition are compelling, but they must be carefully weighed against possible risks. I believe that continued research, stringent safety protocols, and transparent regulation are essential to harness the benefits of GM crops while minimizing potential harm. Furthermore, GM technology should be viewed as one tool among many in addressing global food security, rather than a silver bullet solution.
In conclusion, the debate surrounding GM crops is complex and multifaceted. While they present a potential answer to world hunger, the concerns about health and environmental impacts cannot be dismissed. A balanced approach, combining careful scientific evaluation with ethical considerations, is necessary to navigate this challenging issue and ensure a sustainable and secure food future for all.
(Word count: 368)
Explanation of Band 8-9 Score
This essay demonstrates the qualities of a high-scoring IELTS Writing Task 2 response:
- Task Achievement: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, discussing both viewpoints and clearly stating a personal opinion.
- Coherence and Cohesion: Ideas are logically organized with clear progression. Paragraphs are well-structured, and cohesive devices are used effectively.
- Lexical Resource: A wide range of vocabulary is used accurately and appropriately. Complex phrases like “contentious issue,” “rigorous testing,” and “stringent safety protocols” demonstrate sophisticated language use.
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay showcases a variety of complex sentence structures with high accuracy. It uses conditional sentences, passive voice, and relative clauses effectively.
- Critical Thinking: The response goes beyond simple arguments, offering nuanced analysis and a balanced conclusion that acknowledges the complexity of the issue.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)
The topic of genetically modified crops is a hot debate these days. Some people think they can solve world hunger, while others worry about health and environmental problems. This essay will look at both sides and give my opinion.
On the one hand, GM crops can help produce more food. Scientists can make plants that grow bigger, faster, and resist pests better. This means farmers can grow more food on the same amount of land. Also, GM crops can be made to have more vitamins, which could help people in poor countries get better nutrition. For example, there’s a type of rice with extra vitamin A that could help prevent blindness in children.
GM Crop Benefits
However, there are also concerns about GM crops. Some people worry that eating GM food might cause health problems in the future. We don’t know all the long-term effects yet. There are also worries about the environment. GM crops might harm other plants or animals in nature. Another problem is that big companies control the GM seeds, which might be unfair to small farmers.
GM Crop Concerns
In my opinion, I think GM crops could be helpful, but we need to be careful. We should do more research to make sure they’re safe for people and the environment. It’s important to have strict rules about how GM crops are made and used. Also, we shouldn’t rely only on GM crops to solve hunger. We need to look at other ways to help poor countries grow more food too.
To conclude, GM crops have both good and bad points. They might help feed more people, but there are risks we need to think about. I believe we should keep studying GM crops and use them carefully along with other ways to fight world hunger.
(Word count: 298)
Explanation of Band 6-7 Score
This essay demonstrates the characteristics of a Band 6-7 response:
- Task Achievement: The essay addresses all parts of the task, discussing both viewpoints and offering a personal opinion. However, the ideas could be developed more fully.
- Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is generally well-organized with clear paragraphing. Some cohesive devices are used, but they could be more sophisticated.
- Lexical Resource: There is a sufficient range of vocabulary, with some attempts at less common words. However, the language is sometimes repetitive or imprecise.
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a mix of simple and complex sentences with generally good control. There are some errors, but they do not impede communication.
- Critical Thinking: The essay presents relevant ideas but could delve deeper into the complexities of the issue.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
- Genetically modified (GM) crops (noun): Crops whose DNA has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.
Pronunciation: /dʒəˈnetɪkəli ˈmɒdɪfaɪd krɒps/ - Food security (noun): The state of having reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food.
Pronunciation: /fuːd sɪˈkjʊərəti/ - Yield (noun): The amount of crops produced per unit of land.
Pronunciation: /jiːld/ - Pest-resistant (adjective): Able to withstand or repel attacks from insects or other organisms that damage crops.
Pronunciation: /pest rɪˈzɪstənt/ - Biodiversity (noun): The variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
Pronunciation: /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/ - Ecosystem (noun): A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
Pronunciation: /ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm/ - Agrochemical (noun): A chemical used in agriculture, such as pesticides or fertilizers.
Pronunciation: /ˌæɡrəʊˈkemɪkl/ - Sustainable agriculture (noun): Farming practices that ensure the long-term viability of food production without depleting natural resources.
Pronunciation: /səˈsteɪnəbl ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃər/ - Cross-pollination (noun): The transfer of pollen from one plant to another of a different variety or species.
Pronunciation: /krɒs ˌpɒlɪˈneɪʃn/ - Ethical implications (noun phrase): The moral consequences or issues arising from a particular action or decision.
Pronunciation: /ˈeθɪkl ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃnz/
In conclusion, the topic of genetically modified organisms in agriculture remains a significant and complex issue in IELTS Writing Task 2. As you prepare for your exam, consider practicing with related topics such as the ethical implications of genetic modification or how to address the challenges of food security. These themes are likely to appear in future tests, given their relevance to global issues.
To further enhance your skills, try writing your own essay on the sample question provided in this article. Focus on clearly presenting both viewpoints, using relevant examples, and articulating your own opinion with well-reasoned arguments. Remember to pay attention to your grammar, vocabulary, and essay structure. You’re encouraged to share your practice essay in the comments section below for feedback and discussion with fellow IELTS aspirants. This active engagement in writing and peer review can significantly boost your preparation for the IELTS Writing Task 2.