The topic of international treaties and their role in protecting the environment is a recurring theme in IELTS Writing Task 2. Based on past exam trends and the growing global emphasis on environmental issues, this subject is likely to appear frequently in future tests. Let’s explore a relevant question that has appeared in recent IELTS exams:
Some people believe that international environmental agreements are the most effective way to tackle global environmental problems. Others think these agreements are ineffective and the most effective way is for countries to make their own environmental policies. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Analyzing the Question
This question asks candidates to:
- Discuss the effectiveness of international environmental agreements
- Explore the alternative view of individual countries making their own policies
- Provide a personal opinion on which approach is more effective
The task requires a balanced discussion of both viewpoints before presenting a well-reasoned personal stance.
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)
In an era of unprecedented global environmental challenges, the debate over the most effective approach to addressing these issues has intensified. While some advocate for international environmental agreements as the optimal solution, others argue that individual countries developing their own environmental policies is more efficacious. In my opinion, a combination of both approaches is necessary to tackle the complex and multifaceted nature of global environmental problems.
Proponents of international environmental agreements argue that global challenges require global solutions. These treaties, such as the Paris Agreement on climate change, provide a unified framework for nations to work together towards common goals. They facilitate the sharing of resources, technology, and expertise across borders, which is particularly beneficial for developing countries that may lack the capacity to address environmental issues independently. Moreover, international agreements create a sense of collective responsibility and accountability, pressuring nations to uphold their commitments on the global stage.
On the other hand, those who favor country-specific environmental policies contend that this approach allows for more tailored and efficient solutions. Each nation faces unique environmental challenges influenced by its geography, economy, and culture. By crafting their own policies, countries can address these specific issues more effectively and implement measures that are compatible with their local context. Furthermore, this approach can lead to faster action and more innovative solutions, as countries are not bound by the often slow and complex process of international negotiations.
In my view, the most effective strategy to combat global environmental problems involves a synergy between international agreements and country-specific policies. International treaties can establish overarching goals and standards, providing a global direction and fostering cooperation. Simultaneously, individual countries should have the flexibility to develop and implement policies that align with these global objectives while addressing their unique circumstances. This balanced approach ensures a coordinated global effort while allowing for the adaptation and innovation necessary to tackle environmental challenges effectively.
To illustrate this point, consider the issue of plastic pollution in oceans. An international agreement could set targets for reducing plastic waste and provide guidelines for sustainable packaging. However, the specific measures to achieve these goals would vary by country. A coastal nation might focus on improving waste management infrastructure and implementing strict regulations on single-use plastics, while a landlocked country might prioritize recycling initiatives and consumer education programs.
In conclusion, while both international agreements and country-specific policies have their merits, a combined approach is likely to yield the best results in addressing global environmental problems. By leveraging the strengths of both strategies, we can create a more comprehensive and effective framework for protecting our planet’s environment.
(Word count: 420)
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)
The question of how to best tackle global environmental problems is a hot topic these days. Some people think international agreements are the way to go, while others believe individual countries should make their own policies. Both sides have good points, and I’ll discuss them before giving my opinion.
International environmental agreements have some clear advantages. When countries work together, they can achieve more than they could alone. These agreements help set global standards and goals that everyone can aim for. For example, the Paris Agreement on climate change got many countries to commit to reducing their carbon emissions. This kind of cooperation is important because environmental problems don’t stop at borders – what one country does affects everyone else.
However, there are also good reasons why some people prefer countries to make their own environmental policies. Every country has different environmental issues and different resources to deal with them. A policy that works well in one place might not be suitable for another. Also, when countries make their own rules, they can act faster and try out new ideas without waiting for everyone else to agree.
In my opinion, we need both international agreements and country-specific policies to effectively address global environmental problems. International treaties can provide a big-picture framework and encourage countries to work together. But each country should also have the freedom to create policies that fit their specific situation and needs.
For instance, an international agreement might set targets for reducing air pollution. But how each country reaches those targets could be different. A country with a lot of cars might focus on electric vehicles and public transport, while another country might invest more in clean energy for factories.
To conclude, I believe that a combination of global cooperation through international agreements and tailored national policies is the best approach to tackling environmental issues. This way, we can have a united global effort while still allowing for flexibility and innovation at the country level.
(Word count: 323)
Explanation of Band Scores
Band 8-9 Essay:
This essay demonstrates excellence in several key areas:
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Task Response: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, presenting a well-developed response with relevant, extended and supported ideas.
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Coherence and Cohesion: Ideas are logically organized with clear progression throughout. Paragraphs are well-linked, and cohesive devices are used effectively.
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Lexical Resource: A wide range of vocabulary is used with very natural and sophisticated control of lexical features. Rare minor errors occur only as ‘slips’.
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy: A wide range of structures is used with full flexibility and accuracy. The essay maintains consistent control of complex language structures.
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Critical Thinking: The essay demonstrates a nuanced understanding of the topic, presenting a balanced view and a well-reasoned personal opinion.
Band 6-7 Essay:
This essay shows competence but with some limitations:
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Task Response: The essay addresses all parts of the task, but some aspects are covered more thoroughly than others.
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Coherence and Cohesion: There is a clear overall progression, but some paragraphs are better linked than others.
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Lexical Resource: A sufficient range of vocabulary is used appropriately, with some awareness of style and collocation. There may be some errors in word choice, but they do not impede communication.
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Grammatical Range and Accuracy: A mix of simple and complex sentence structures is used, with generally good control. Errors occur but do not impede communication.
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Critical Thinking: The essay presents relevant ideas but may lack the depth and sophistication of higher band scores.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
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Environmental treaties (noun) /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl ˈtriːtiz/: Formal agreements between countries about environmental issues.
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Global cooperation (noun) /ˈɡləʊbəl kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃən/: Worldwide collaboration to achieve common goals.
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Multifaceted (adjective) /ˌmʌltɪˈfæsɪtɪd/: Having many different aspects or features.
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Efficacious (adjective) /ˌefɪˈkeɪʃəs/: Successful in producing a desired or intended result.
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Synergy (noun) /ˈsɪnədʒi/: The interaction of elements that when combined produce a total effect greater than the sum of the individual elements.
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Tailored (adjective) /ˈteɪləd/: Made or adapted for a particular purpose or person.
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Innovative (adjective) /ˈɪnəvətɪv/: Introducing new ideas; original and creative in thinking.
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Overarching (adjective) /ˌəʊvərˈɑːtʃɪŋ/: Comprehensive; all-embracing.
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Accountability (noun) /əˌkaʊntəˈbɪləti/: The fact or condition of being accountable; responsibility.
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Infrastructure (noun) /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/: The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
Conclusion
The topic of international environmental treaties and their effectiveness in addressing global environmental challenges is likely to remain relevant in future IELTS Writing Task 2 exams. To prepare effectively, practice writing essays on related themes such as:
- The role of developed vs. developing countries in environmental protection
- The impact of economic growth on environmental conservation efforts
- The effectiveness of individual actions vs. government policies in addressing climate change
- The balance between environmental protection and economic development
Remember, the key to success in IELTS Writing Task 2 is to practice regularly, focusing on developing a clear structure, using a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures, and presenting well-reasoned arguments. We encourage you to try writing your own essay on this topic and share it in the comments section for feedback and discussion. This active practice is an excellent way to improve your writing skills and prepare for the IELTS exam.