Universal basic income (UBI) has become an increasingly popular topic in IELTS Writing Task 2, appearing in various forms over the past few years. Based on recent exam trends, universal basic income reduces poverty and its implementation has emerged as a significant discussion point that test-takers should be prepared to address.
Sample Question Analysis
Some people believe that governments should provide a universal basic income (UBI) to all citizens, regardless of their employment status. Others argue this would be too expensive and reduce people’s motivation to work. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
This question requires candidates to:
- Examine arguments for and against UBI
- Consider economic and social implications
- Present a balanced discussion
- Provide a clear personal stance
Band 8 Sample Essay
As should governments implement universal basic income becomes a central policy debate, there are compelling arguments on both sides of this issue. While proponents highlight its potential to eliminate poverty and provide economic security, critics raise valid concerns about its financial viability and societal impact.
Those in favor of UBI argue that it could effectively address poverty and inequality. By ensuring everyone receives a basic income, governments could eliminate extreme poverty and reduce the stress associated with financial insecurity. Furthermore, this system could simplify complex welfare bureaucracies, reducing administrative costs and ensuring support reaches those who need it most.
However, opponents present significant counterarguments. The primary concern is the enormous cost of implementing such a program, which could strain national budgets and potentially require substantial tax increases. Additionally, there are worries that guaranteed income might discourage people from seeking employment, leading to reduced economic productivity and innovation.
In my opinion, while UBI presents implementation challenges, its benefits outweigh the drawbacks. The automation of many jobs makes it increasingly necessary to rethink traditional employment-based income models. Moreover, evidence from pilot programs suggests that basic income recipients often continue working while pursuing education and entrepreneurial opportunities.
Band 6.5 Sample Essay
Should countries adopt a universal basic income is a topic that many people have different opinions about. Some people think it’s a good idea, while others don’t agree.
People who support UBI say it can help poor people. When everyone gets money from the government, they don’t have to worry about basic needs like food and housing. Also, it can help people who lose their jobs because of technology changes.
On the other hand, some people think UBI costs too much money. They worry that governments will have to raise taxes a lot to pay for it. Another problem is that some people might become lazy and stop working if they get free money every month.
I think UBI is a good idea but needs careful planning. Maybe governments can start with small programs first to see how they work. This way, they can fix problems before making it bigger.
Key Vocabulary
- implementation (n) /ɪmplɪmenˈteɪʃən/ – the process of putting a plan into action
- viable (adj) /ˈvaɪəbl/ – capable of working successfully
- bureaucracy (n) /bjʊəˈrɒkrəsi/ – system of government administration
- strain (v) /streɪn/ – to put pressure on something
- automation (n) /ɔːtəˈmeɪʃən/ – the use of machines to do work previously done by people
Conclusion
The topic of universal basic income continues to be relevant in IELTS Writing Task 2. Practice essays could address variations such as:
- UBI as a solution to technological unemployment
- Comparing UBI with traditional welfare systems
- The role of UBI in developing economies
Feel free to share your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and discussion.