Many IELTS students aim to impress examiners with complex grammar, often turning to phrases like “it consists of that.” However, this construction is grammatically incorrect and can actually lower your score. This article will analyze why “it consists of that” is wrong and provide you with the correct ways to describe composition for a higher band score.
Understanding “Consist” and Its Usage
The verb “consist” already implies the presence of constituent parts. Therefore, using “of that” after it creates redundancy. Think of it like saying “This cake is made up of that ingredients.” The extra “that” is unnecessary and grammatically wrong.
Let’s examine this through examples:
Incorrect: The team consists of that five members.
Correct: The team consists of five members.
Incorrect: The book’s plot consists of that several twists.
Correct: The book’s plot consists of several twists.
In both examples, removing “that” makes the sentences concise and grammatically sound.
Expressing Composition: The Right Way
1. “Consist of” + Noun Phrase
This is the most common and natural way to describe what something is made of.
Formula: Subject + consist of + noun phrase
Example:
- The solar system consists of eight planets.
- My daily routine consists of exercise, work, and relaxation.
2. “Comprise”
This verb acts as a synonym for “consist of” and can be used interchangeably.
Formula: Subject + comprise + noun phrase
Example:
- The committee comprises experts from various fields.
- The course comprises lectures, seminars, and practical sessions.
3. “Be Composed of”
This phrase offers a more formal alternative to “consist of.”
Formula: Subject + be composed of + noun phrase
Example:
- The Earth’s atmosphere is composed of different gases.
- The painting is composed of vibrant colors and bold strokes.
IELTS Application: Writing Task 1
Describing compositions is crucial in IELTS Writing Task 1, particularly when analyzing charts, diagrams, or processes.
Example:
The chart illustrates the proportion of energy sources in a country. It is evident that the energy production comprises mainly fossil fuels, with oil accounting for the largest share at 45%, followed by natural gas at 30%.
In this example, using “comprises” accurately and appropriately describes the composition of energy sources.
IELTS Writing Task 1 Chart Example
Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them
Redundancy: Using “that” after “consist of”
- Incorrect: The pie chart shows that the company’s revenue consists of that three main sources.
- Correct: The pie chart shows that the company’s revenue consists of three main sources.
Incorrect Preposition: Using prepositions other than “of” after “consist”
- Incorrect: The team consists in five members.
- Correct: The team consists of five members.
Word Order: Placing the noun phrase before “consist of”
- Incorrect: Five members consist of the team.
- Correct: The team consists of five members.
Conclusion
Mastering the correct way to describe composition is vital for achieving a higher IELTS band score. By understanding the appropriate use of “consist of,” “comprise,” and “be composed of,” you can express yourself accurately and confidently in your writing and speaking. Remember to avoid redundancy and grammatical errors to present your ideas clearly and effectively. Consistent practice with these structures will undoubtedly enhance your overall language proficiency and boost your IELTS performance.