Many IELTS candidates aiming for a band 7 or higher strive to incorporate sophisticated vocabulary and grammar into their writing and speaking. However, it’s easy to fall into the trap of using complex structures incorrectly. One such example is the phrase “it investigates that,” which often signals an attempt to use reporting verbs in a grammatically inaccurate way.
Let’s analyze a few examples to understand why this phrase is incorrect and explore the correct ways to use reporting verbs for a higher IELTS score:
Incorrect: The report investigates that climate change is accelerating.
Correct: The report investigates whether climate change is accelerating.
Correct: The report concludes that climate change is accelerating.
Understanding Reporting Verbs and “It Investigates That”
The issue with “it investigates that” lies in the choice of the reporting verb “investigates.” Reporting verbs introduce information from other sources, and some require specific grammatical structures:
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Verbs followed by “that” (followed by a clause): These verbs typically express a statement or conclusion. Examples include:
- state, suggest, argue, conclude, assert, claim, explain, reveal, demonstrate, prove
Example: The study demonstrates that early language exposure benefits cognitive development.
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Verbs followed by “whether/if” (followed by a clause): These verbs introduce uncertainty or a question being explored.
- investigate, determine, ascertain, examine, explore, consider
Example: Scientists are investigating whether the new vaccine can prevent the spread of the virus.
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Verbs followed by a noun or gerund: Some verbs can be followed directly by the topic being investigated.
- investigate, examine, explore, analyze, discuss, address
Example: The documentary explores the impact of social media on mental health.
Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them
- Incorrectly using “that” after verbs like “investigate,” “determine,” etc. This creates a grammatically incorrect sentence. Always double-check if the reporting verb requires “whether/if” or “that.”
- Using weak reporting verbs: Instead of “The report says that…”, opt for stronger verbs like “The report reveals that…” or “The report argues that…”
- Overusing reporting verbs: While they are useful, strive for sentence variety. Consider using alternative structures like noun phrases or adverbs to convey the source of information.
Achieving IELTS Success: Mastering Reporting Verbs
- Expand your vocabulary: Learn a range of reporting verbs and their grammatical patterns. Practice using them accurately in sentences.
- Analyze model answers: Pay attention to how reporting verbs are used in high-scoring IELTS essays and speaking samples.
- Focus on accuracy: When practicing, prioritize using grammar correctly over complexity. A simple sentence with accurate grammar is better than a complex sentence with errors.
- Seek feedback: Have a teacher or language partner review your writing and speaking to identify any persistent errors with reporting verbs.
By understanding the nuances of reporting verbs and avoiding common errors, you can significantly enhance the grammatical accuracy and sophistication of your IELTS responses, paving the way for a higher band score.