“Therefore” is a useful adverbial conjunction for IELTS Writing, allowing you to express cause-and-effect relationships clearly and concisely. It appears frequently in both Task 1 (describing trends or processes) and Task 2 (presenting arguments).
Here are some examples showcasing its versatility:
- Task 1: “The price of raw materials increased significantly in the second quarter. Therefore, the company’s profits experienced a slight decline.” (This illustrates how ‘therefore’ links a trend to its consequence).
- Task 2: “Many argue that technology isolates individuals. Therefore, it’s crucial to encourage face-to-face interactions.” (Here, ‘therefore’ connects a viewpoint with a suggested action).
- Task 2: “Studies have shown a strong correlation between regular exercise and improved mental health. Therefore, governments should invest more in public sports facilities.” (This demonstrates its use in linking evidence with a recommendation).
Understanding ‘Therefore’ in IELTS Writing
Meaning and Frequency
‘Therefore’ signifies that the following statement is a consequence of the previous one. It’s a more formal alternative to words like “so,” “thus,” or “as a result.”
While it’s not mandatory in every cause-and-effect statement, using ‘therefore’ strategically can enhance your writing by:
- Demonstrating a range of vocabulary: This is crucial for achieving a higher Lexical Resource score.
- Improving coherence and cohesion: ‘Therefore’ acts as a signpost, guiding the reader through your logic.
Grammar and Usage Rules:
Rule: ‘Therefore’ is typically used:
- After a full stop or semicolon: “The demand for electric cars has surged. Therefore, manufacturers are ramping up production.”
- Preceded by a comma: “The study found no direct link between video games and violence, therefore, further research is needed.”
Example Structure:
[Sentence expressing cause]; therefore, [Sentence expressing result].
Analysis:
- Sentence 1: Presents the cause or reason.
- Semicolon (;) or Full Stop (.) : Separates the cause from the effect.
- Therefore: Explicitly signals the result.
- Comma (,) : Follows ‘therefore’ when it’s within a sentence.
- Sentence 2: States the effect or consequence.
Applications in IELTS Writing:
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Task 1 (Describing Trends):
- “Oil prices plummeted in 2020 due to the pandemic. Therefore, many oil-producing countries faced economic hardship.”
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Task 2 (Presenting Arguments):
- “Some believe that social media fosters unrealistic beauty standards. Therefore, it’s important to promote body positivity.”
Mastering ‘Therefore’ for a Higher Band Score
To use ‘therefore’ effectively and achieve a Band 7+ in IELTS Writing, consider these tips:
- Don’t overuse it. Substitute with synonyms like “consequently,” “hence,” or “as a result” to demonstrate vocabulary range.
- Ensure a clear cause-and-effect relationship. The statement following ‘therefore’ must be a direct consequence of the previous one.
- Use it strategically to highlight key points or connect ideas smoothly. This enhances the overall flow and logic of your writing.
Common Errors and How to Avoid Them
Error 1: Using ‘therefore’ without a clear cause-and-effect relationship.
- Incorrect: “Many young people enjoy social media; therefore, education is important.”
- Correct: “Social media can be distracting for students; therefore, it’s crucial to teach them time management skills.”
Error 2: Incorrect punctuation around ‘therefore.’
- Incorrect: “The study had limitations therefore its findings are inconclusive.”
- Correct: “The study had limitations; therefore, its findings are inconclusive.”
Conclusion
Mastering the use of ‘therefore’ and similar transition words is crucial for achieving coherence and showcasing a wide range of vocabulary in your IELTS Writing. By understanding its meaning, grammatical rules, and strategic application, you can express cause-and-effect relationships effectively and aim for a higher band score. Remember to practice using ‘therefore’ in various contexts related to potential IELTS topics to solidify your understanding and improve your writing skills.