The topic of minimum wage increase by governments is a recurring theme in IELTS Writing Task 2 essays. It has appeared in various forms over the years and is likely to continue being a popular subject due to its relevance to economic policies and social welfare. Based on past trends and current socio-economic discussions, we can expect this topic to appear in future IELTS exams with high probability. Let’s explore a specific question related to this theme and analyze how to approach it effectively.
Analyzing the Question
Some people believe that governments should increase the minimum wage to help low-income workers. Others argue that this could lead to higher unemployment. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
This question is a classic example of an IELTS Writing Task 2 essay prompt. It presents two opposing viewpoints on the issue of increasing minimum wages and asks you to discuss both sides before providing your own perspective. Let’s break down the key components:
- Topic: Increasing minimum wage
- View 1: Governments should increase minimum wage to help low-income workers
- View 2: Increasing minimum wage could lead to higher unemployment
- Task: Discuss both views and give your own opinion
To answer this question effectively, you need to:
- Explain the reasoning behind both viewpoints
- Provide examples or evidence to support each view
- Present your own opinion and justify it
- Use appropriate structure and language
Now, let’s look at sample essays for different band scores.
Sample Essay for Band 8-9
Minimum Wage Debate Illustration
The debate over whether governments should raise the minimum wage is a contentious issue with valid arguments on both sides. Proponents argue that increasing the minimum wage is essential for improving the lives of low-income workers, while opponents contend that it could lead to higher unemployment rates. This essay will examine both perspectives before presenting my own view on this complex matter.
Those in favor of raising the minimum wage argue that it is a necessary step to combat poverty and reduce income inequality. They contend that many workers struggle to make ends meet on current minimum wage rates, which often fall below the poverty line. By increasing the minimum wage, governments can ensure that full-time workers earn enough to cover basic living expenses, reducing reliance on social welfare programs and stimulating economic growth through increased consumer spending. Furthermore, advocates argue that higher wages can lead to improved employee morale, reduced turnover, and increased productivity, ultimately benefiting businesses as well.
On the other hand, opponents of minimum wage increases argue that such policies could have unintended negative consequences, particularly in terms of employment rates. They contend that higher labor costs might force businesses, especially small enterprises, to reduce their workforce or limit new hires to maintain profitability. This could lead to increased unemployment, particularly among low-skilled workers and young people entering the job market. Critics also argue that businesses might respond to higher wages by raising prices, which could negate the benefits of wage increases and potentially lead to inflation.
In my opinion, while both arguments have merit, I believe that carefully implemented minimum wage increases can be beneficial for society as a whole. The key lies in finding a balance that supports workers without overburdening businesses. Governments should consider gradual and predictable increases in the minimum wage, allowing businesses time to adapt their operations and pricing strategies. Additionally, policymakers should implement supportive measures for small businesses, such as tax incentives or subsidies, to help offset the impact of wage increases.
Moreover, it’s crucial to recognize that the effects of minimum wage increases can vary depending on local economic conditions and industry sectors. Therefore, a one-size-fits-all approach may not be appropriate. Governments should conduct thorough economic analyses and engage in consultations with both workers and employers to determine the most suitable minimum wage levels for their specific contexts.
In conclusion, while increasing the minimum wage is not without challenges, I believe that when implemented thoughtfully, it can contribute to a more equitable society and a stronger economy. By balancing the needs of workers with the concerns of businesses, governments can work towards creating a fair labor market that benefits all members of society.
(Word count: 415)
Analysis of Band 8-9 Essay
This essay demonstrates the characteristics of a high-scoring IELTS Writing Task 2 response:
Task Response: The essay fully addresses all parts of the task, discussing both viewpoints and clearly presenting the writer’s own opinion.
Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is well-organized with clear paragraphing and effective use of cohesive devices (e.g., “On the other hand”, “Furthermore”, “In conclusion”).
Lexical Resource: The essay uses a wide range of vocabulary accurately and appropriately (e.g., “contentious”, “combat poverty”, “unintended negative consequences”).
Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay demonstrates a wide range of grammatical structures used accurately and flexibly (e.g., complex sentences, passive voice, conditional statements).
Development of Ideas: Each point is well-developed with explanations and examples, showing a sophisticated approach to the topic.
Sample Essay for Band 6-7
The question of whether governments should raise the minimum wage is a topic of much debate. Some people believe it would help low-income workers, while others think it could cause more unemployment. This essay will discuss both views and give my opinion.
Those who support increasing the minimum wage say it would help poor workers. They argue that many people working full-time still can’t afford basic living expenses with current minimum wages. By raising the minimum wage, these workers would have more money to spend on necessities like food and housing. This could also reduce the need for government welfare programs. Supporters also say that higher wages might make workers happier and more productive in their jobs.
On the other hand, those against raising the minimum wage worry about its effects on employment. They believe that if businesses have to pay workers more, they might hire fewer people or cut jobs. This could especially hurt small businesses that don’t have a lot of extra money. Some also argue that companies might raise prices to cover higher wages, which could make things more expensive for everyone.
In my opinion, I think raising the minimum wage can be good, but it needs to be done carefully. Governments should increase wages slowly over time, not all at once. This would give businesses time to adjust. They should also consider helping small businesses with things like tax breaks to make it easier for them to pay higher wages.
I also think that the right minimum wage might be different in different places. Big cities with high living costs might need higher minimum wages than rural areas. Governments should study their local economies to decide what’s best.
In conclusion, while there are risks to raising the minimum wage, I believe it can be beneficial if done thoughtfully. By considering the needs of both workers and businesses, governments can work towards creating a fairer system for everyone.
(Word count: 313)
Analysis of Band 6-7 Essay
This essay demonstrates the characteristics of a mid-range IELTS Writing Task 2 response:
Task Response: The essay addresses all parts of the task, discussing both viewpoints and presenting the writer’s opinion. However, the development of ideas is less sophisticated than in the Band 8-9 essay.
Coherence and Cohesion: The essay is generally well-organized, but the use of cohesive devices is less varied and sophisticated compared to the higher band essay.
Lexical Resource: The vocabulary used is appropriate but less varied and precise than in the Band 8-9 essay. There are fewer instances of less common vocabulary items.
Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The essay uses a mix of simple and complex sentence structures but with less variety and sophistication than the higher band essay.
Development of Ideas: Each point is explained, but the ideas are less fully developed and supported compared to the Band 8-9 essay.
Key Vocabulary to Remember
Minimum wage (noun) /ˈmɪnɪməm weɪdʒ/ – the lowest wage permitted by law or by a special agreement
Income inequality (noun) /ˈɪnkʌm ɪnɪˈkwɒləti/ – the extent to which income is distributed in an uneven manner among a population
Poverty line (noun) /ˈpɒvəti laɪn/ – an income level established by a government below which an individual or family is classified as poor
Unemployment rate (noun) /ʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt reɪt/ – the percentage of the total labor force that is unemployed but actively seeking employment and willing to work
Labor costs (noun) /ˈleɪbə kɒsts/ – the total cost to a company for workers, including wages, benefits, and taxes
Consumer spending (noun) /kənˈsjuːmə ˈspendɪŋ/ – the amount of money spent by households in an economy
Inflation (noun) /ɪnˈfleɪʃən/ – a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money
Gradual (adjective) /ˈɡrædʒuəl/ – taking place or progressing slowly or by degrees
Subsidies (noun) /ˈsʌbsɪdiz/ – money granted by the government to assist an industry or business
Economic analysis (noun) /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk əˈnæləsɪs/ – the study of economic systems, factors, and trends
Conclusion
The topic of minimum wage increases is a complex and relevant issue that is likely to continue appearing in IELTS Writing Task 2 essays. To prepare effectively, practice writing essays on related topics such as:
- The impact of automation on employment and wages
- Government policies to reduce income inequality
- The role of education in improving economic opportunities
Remember to analyze the question carefully, present balanced arguments, and support your points with relevant examples. We encourage you to practice writing your own essay on this topic and share it in the comments section below. This active practice will help you improve your writing skills and prepare more effectively for the IELTS exam.