The topic of Universal Basic Income (UBI) and poverty reduction has become increasingly prevalent in IELTS Writing Task 2 examinations. Based on analysis of past papers from 2019-2023, questions relating to this theme have appeared approximately 12 times, particularly in countries like Australia, the UK, and Canada. As universal basic income reduces poverty, this topic remains highly relevant for future tests.
Universal Basic Income and Poverty Reduction IELTS Writing Task 2
Analyzing the Question
Some people believe that governments should provide a universal basic income to all citizens to reduce poverty. Others think this would be too expensive and could reduce people’s motivation to work. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
This question requires candidates to:
- Discuss arguments for and against universal basic income
- Consider financial implications and behavioral impacts
- Present a balanced perspective while expressing personal views
- Provide relevant examples and evidence
Similar to how to reduce income inequality in developed nations, this topic requires careful consideration of economic and social factors.
Band 8.5 Sample Essay
The implementation of Universal Basic Income (UBI) as a poverty reduction measure has sparked intense debate globally. While proponents argue it could revolutionize social welfare, critics raise valid concerns about its feasibility and potential negative consequences.
Those supporting UBI contend that it provides a crucial safety net for vulnerable populations. By guaranteeing a minimum income, it can prevent extreme poverty and reduce income inequality. For instance, Finland’s UBI experiment demonstrated improved mental well-being among participants and did not significantly decrease employment rates. Furthermore, as automation threatens traditional jobs, UBI could provide essential financial security during economic transitions.
However, opponents emphasize the astronomical costs of implementing UBI nationwide. For example, providing just $1,000 monthly to all adult citizens in a country like India would require massive tax increases or significant budget reallocation. Critics also argue that guaranteed income might discourage work participation, potentially leading to reduced economic productivity and innovation. This perspective suggests that targeted welfare programs might be more cost-effective.
In my view, while UBI presents implementation challenges, its potential benefits outweigh the drawbacks. The key lies in careful policy design and gradual implementation. A modest basic income, combined with should governments provide free mental health services, could create a comprehensive safety net without destroying work incentives. Moreover, UBI could be funded through various means, such as carbon taxes or technology fees, making it more financially viable.
Band 6.5 Sample Essay
Universal Basic Income is a topic that many people talk about these days. Some people think it’s a good idea, while others don’t agree with it.
The main reason why people support UBI is because it helps poor people. When everyone gets some money from the government, they can buy food and pay their rent. Also, it makes people feel less stressed about money problems. Some countries like Canada have tried giving money to people, and it helped them live better.
But other people say UBI costs too much money. Governments would need to spend lots of money, and this means higher taxes. Also, if people get free money, maybe they won’t want to work anymore. This could be bad for the economy because we need people to work in factories and offices.
I think UBI is a good idea but we need to be careful about how we do it. Maybe we can start by giving money to the poorest people first, then slowly give it to more people. This way, we can see if it works well. Also, like why financial education should be mandatory in schools, we should teach people how to use money wisely.
Essay Analysis
Band 8.5 Essay Features:
- Sophisticated vocabulary and complex structures
- Clear organization with cohesive devices
- Well-developed arguments with specific examples
- Balanced discussion with clear personal stance
- Appropriate academic tone throughout
Band 6.5 Essay Features:
- Simple but clear language
- Basic organizational structure
- Some relevant examples but less detailed
- Personal opinion present but simply expressed
- Occasional informal expressions
Key Vocabulary
- Universal Basic Income (n.) /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsl ˈbeɪsɪk ˈɪnkʌm/ – regular payments to all citizens
- Implementation (n.) /ˌɪmplɪmenˈteɪʃn/ – the process of putting a plan into action
- Feasibility (n.) /ˌfiːzəˈbɪləti/ – possibility of being done
- Astronomical (adj.) /ˌæstrəˈnɒmɪkl/ – extremely large
- Safety net (n.) /ˈseɪfti net/ – protection from hardship
- Innovation (n.) /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/ – new ideas or methods
- Viable (adj.) /ˈvaɪəbl/ – capable of working successfully
- Gradual (adj.) /ˈɡrædʒuəl/ – happening slowly over time
IELTS Writing Task 2 Vocabulary Learning Tips
Practice Suggestion
Try writing your own essay on this related topic:
“Some argue that providing universal basic income would be more effective than current welfare systems. To what extent do you agree or disagree?”
Share your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and discussion.
