The topic of government’s role in promoting renewable energy sources has become increasingly prevalent in IELTS Writing Task 2 questions. Given the global emphasis on sustainable development and climate change mitigation, this theme is likely to appear more frequently in future exams. Let’s examine a relevant question that has appeared in recent IELTS tests:

Some people think that governments should invest in developing sources of renewable energy. Others believe that individuals should take responsibility for the environment by using less energy. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

Analysis of the Question

This question presents two contrasting views on addressing environmental issues:

1. Government investment in renewable energy
2. Individual responsibility to reduce energy consumption

The task requires you to:

• Discuss both perspectives
• Provide your personal opinion
• Support your arguments with relevant examples and explanations

Sample Essay 1 (Band 8-9)

The debate over whether governments or individuals should bear the primary responsibility for environmental protection has gained significant traction in recent years. While some argue that governments should invest heavily in renewable energy development, others contend that individuals should take the initiative to reduce their energy consumption. In my view, a combination of both approaches is necessary to effectively address environmental challenges.

Proponents of government investment in renewable energy sources argue that this approach can yield substantial benefits on a large scale. Governments have the resources and authority to implement wide-reaching policies and initiatives that can significantly impact a nation’s energy landscape. For instance, countries like Germany and Denmark have made remarkable progress in transitioning to renewable energy through government-led programs, such as feed-in tariffs and subsidies for solar and wind power. These measures have not only reduced reliance on fossil fuels but have also stimulated economic growth and job creation in the green energy sector.

On the other hand, advocates for individual responsibility emphasize the importance of personal choices in reducing energy consumption. They argue that collective action at the grassroots level can lead to significant environmental improvements. Simple actions like using energy-efficient appliances, carpooling, or reducing meat consumption can, when adopted by millions of individuals, result in substantial reductions in carbon emissions and energy use. Moreover, this approach fosters a sense of environmental stewardship among citizens, potentially leading to more sustainable lifestyle choices in the long term.

In my opinion, the most effective strategy to address environmental issues involves a synergy between government initiatives and individual actions. Governments should take the lead in creating favorable conditions for renewable energy adoption through policy measures, infrastructure development, and research funding. Simultaneously, they should educate and incentivize citizens to make environmentally conscious choices. Individuals, in turn, should embrace these opportunities and actively participate in energy conservation efforts.

A harmonious blend of top-down and bottom-up approaches can create a powerful momentum for environmental change. For example, a government might invest in a smart grid infrastructure while encouraging households to install solar panels through tax incentives. This combination of macro-level investment and micro-level participation can accelerate the transition to a more sustainable energy future.

In conclusion, while both government investment in renewable energy and individual responsibility for energy conservation have their merits, I believe that a comprehensive approach incorporating both strategies is essential. By leveraging the strengths of governmental action and personal commitment, societies can more effectively tackle the complex challenges of environmental protection and sustainable development.

(Word count: 399)

Government and individual efforts in renewable energy

Sample Essay 2 (Band 6-7)

The question of who should be responsible for protecting the environment is a topic of much debate. Some people think governments should invest in renewable energy, while others believe individuals should use less energy. I will discuss both views and give my opinion.

On one hand, governments have the power and resources to make big changes in how we use energy. They can invest money in developing new technologies for renewable energy like solar and wind power. For example, many countries have started programs to build more wind farms and solar panels. This can help reduce the use of fossil fuels and decrease pollution. Governments can also make laws that encourage companies to use cleaner energy sources.

On the other hand, individuals can also play an important role in saving energy. People can make small changes in their daily lives that add up to big differences. For instance, they can use energy-efficient light bulbs, turn off appliances when not in use, and use public transportation instead of driving. If many people do these things, it can significantly reduce energy consumption and help the environment.

In my opinion, both governments and individuals need to work together to solve environmental problems. Governments should invest in renewable energy and create policies that support its use. At the same time, individuals should take responsibility for their own energy use and make efforts to reduce it. This combined approach can lead to the best results for the environment.

For example, a government might provide subsidies for people to install solar panels on their homes. Then, individuals can choose to take advantage of this opportunity and reduce their reliance on non-renewable energy sources. This shows how government action and individual responsibility can work together.

In conclusion, while both government investment in renewable energy and individual responsibility for reducing energy use are important, I believe a combination of both approaches is necessary. By working together, governments and individuals can make significant progress in protecting the environment and creating a more sustainable future.

(Word count: 329)

Writing Tips for This Topic

1. Vocabulary: Use a range of vocabulary related to the environment and energy. For higher band scores, incorporate more sophisticated terms and phrases.

2. Grammar: Employ a variety of sentence structures. For band 8-9, use complex sentences and advanced grammatical constructions.

3. Cohesion and Coherence: Ensure smooth transitions between paragraphs and ideas. Use linking words and phrases effectively.

4. Task Response: Address all parts of the question, including discussing both views and giving your opinion. Provide relevant examples to support your arguments.

5. Tone: Maintain a formal, academic tone throughout the essay.

Key Vocabulary to Remember

1. Renewable energy (noun) /rɪˈnjuːəbl ˈenədʒi/ – Energy from a source that is not depleted when used
2. Sustainable development (noun) /səˈsteɪnəbl dɪˈveləpmənt/ – Development that meets present needs without compromising future generations
3. Carbon emissions (noun) /ˈkɑːbən ɪˈmɪʃənz/ – The release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
4. Energy-efficient (adjective) /ˈenədʒi ɪˈfɪʃənt/ – Using less energy to provide the same service
5. Environmental stewardship (noun) /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl ˈstjuːərdʃɪp/ – Responsible use and protection of the natural environment
6. Feed-in tariff (noun) /fiːd ɪn ˈtærɪf/ – A policy mechanism designed to accelerate investment in renewable energy technologies
7. Smart grid (noun) /smɑːt grɪd/ – An electricity supply network that uses digital communications technology to detect and react to local changes in usage
8. Grassroots level (noun) /ˈgrɑːsruːts ˈlevl/ – The most basic level of an activity or organization

In conclusion, the topic of government’s role in promoting renewable energy sources is likely to remain relevant in IELTS Writing Task 2. To prepare effectively, practice writing essays on related themes such as:

• The balance between economic development and environmental protection
• The effectiveness of international agreements on climate change
• The role of technology in addressing environmental challenges

Remember to structure your essays clearly, use a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures, and support your arguments with relevant examples. Feel free to share your practice essays in the comments section for feedback and further improvement.