Environmental sustainability has become a hot topic in recent years, and it’s no surprise that this theme frequently appears in IELTS Writing Task 2 questions. Based on an analysis of past IELTS exams and current global trends, we can expect to see more questions related to environmental sustainability and its impact on future generations. Let’s explore a sample question and provide model essays to help you prepare for this crucial topic.

Analyzing the Question

Some people believe that environmental problems are too big for individuals to solve, and only governments and large companies can make a difference. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

This question asks for your opinion on whether environmental issues can be addressed by individuals or if they require action from governments and large corporations. It’s a classic agree/disagree question that requires you to take a clear stance and support it with well-reasoned arguments.

Model Essay (Band 7-8)

Environmental problems have become increasingly complex and global in nature, leading some to believe that only governments and large corporations have the power to make a significant impact. While I acknowledge the crucial role these entities play, I disagree with the notion that environmental issues are too big for individuals to solve. I believe that both large-scale actions and individual efforts are necessary to address our environmental challenges effectively.

Undoubtedly, governments and large companies possess the resources and influence to implement wide-reaching environmental policies and initiatives. For instance, governments can enact legislation to reduce carbon emissions or protect endangered species, while corporations can invest in sustainable technologies and adopt eco-friendly practices on a massive scale. These actions have the potential to create substantial positive changes in a relatively short time.

However, it would be a mistake to underestimate the power of individual actions in addressing environmental problems. Collectively, the choices and behaviors of millions of individuals can have a significant cumulative impact on the environment. Small actions such as recycling, reducing energy consumption, or choosing sustainable products may seem insignificant on their own, but when adopted by a large number of people, they can lead to meaningful change. Moreover, individuals can influence others through their actions and advocacy, creating a ripple effect that can lead to broader societal shifts in environmental awareness and behavior.

Furthermore, individual actions often drive and support larger initiatives. Public demand for environmentally friendly products and services can push companies to adopt more sustainable practices, while citizen activism can pressure governments to prioritize environmental issues. In this way, individual efforts can catalyze and reinforce the actions of larger entities, creating a synergistic effect in addressing environmental challenges.

In conclusion, while the scale and complexity of environmental problems require significant involvement from governments and large corporations, individual actions are equally crucial in creating a sustainable future. The most effective approach to solving environmental issues lies in the combined efforts of all sectors of society, from the individual to the governmental level. By recognizing the importance of both large-scale initiatives and personal responsibility, we can work together to tackle environmental challenges more comprehensively and effectively.

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Environmental sustainability concept

Model Essay (Band 6-7)

Many people think that environmental problems are too big for individuals to solve and only governments and big companies can make a difference. I partly agree with this idea, but I also believe that individuals have an important role to play in solving environmental problems.

It’s true that governments and large companies have more power and resources to tackle environmental issues. Governments can make laws to protect the environment, like banning plastic bags or reducing pollution from factories. Big companies can invest in green technology and change their production methods to be more eco-friendly. These actions can have a big impact on the environment because they affect many people and businesses at once.

However, I don’t think we should ignore the power of individual actions. When many people make small changes in their daily lives, it can add up to a big difference. For example, if everyone recycles, uses less energy, or chooses to walk or cycle instead of driving, it can significantly reduce waste and pollution. Also, individuals can influence others by setting a good example and talking about environmental issues with friends and family.

Moreover, individual actions can push governments and companies to do more for the environment. When people demand eco-friendly products or vote for politicians who care about the environment, it puts pressure on businesses and governments to take environmental issues seriously. This shows that individual choices and actions can lead to bigger changes in society.

In conclusion, while governments and large companies have a crucial role in solving environmental problems, individuals also have an important part to play. The most effective way to address environmental issues is through a combination of large-scale actions by governments and companies, and small-scale efforts by individuals. Everyone needs to work together to create a more sustainable future for our planet.

(Word count: 298)

Writing Tips

When addressing this topic, keep the following points in mind:

1. Clear stance: Ensure you clearly state your position in the introduction and maintain it throughout the essay.

2. Balanced approach: Even if you disagree with one side, acknowledge its merits before presenting your counter-arguments.

3. Specific examples: Use concrete examples to illustrate your points. This adds credibility to your arguments.

4. Cohesion and coherence: Use linking words and phrases to connect your ideas smoothly.

5. Conclusion: Summarize your main points and restate your position in the conclusion.

Key Vocabulary

Here are some useful vocabulary items for discussing environmental sustainability:

1. Sustainability (noun) /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/: The ability to maintain or support a process continuously over time.

2. Eco-friendly (adjective) /ˌiːkəʊˈfrendli/: Not harmful to the environment.

3. Carbon emissions (noun) /ˈkɑːbən ɪˈmɪʃənz/: The release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

4. Renewable energy (noun) /rɪˈnjuːəbl ˈenədʒi/: Energy from a source that is not depleted when used.

5. Conservation (noun) /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/: The protection of plants, animals, and natural areas.

6. Biodiversity (noun) /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/: The variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat.

7. Climate change (noun) /ˈklaɪmət tʃeɪndʒ/: Long-term changes in temperature and weather patterns.

8. Recycling (noun) /riːˈsaɪklɪŋ/: The process of converting waste into reusable material.

Conclusion

Environmental sustainability is a critical topic in IELTS Writing Task 2, reflecting its importance in our world today. By understanding the nuances of this subject and practicing with various question types, you’ll be well-prepared to tackle any environmental sustainability question that may appear in your IELTS exam.

For further practice, consider these potential questions:

1. Discuss the most effective ways to promote environmental awareness in schools.
2. Some people believe that economic growth and environmental protection are incompatible. Do you agree or disagree?
3. To what extent do you think individuals should be held responsible for protecting the environment?

Remember, the key to success in IELTS Writing Task 2 is to present a clear, well-structured argument supported by relevant examples and appropriate vocabulary. Keep practicing, and you’ll be well on your way to achieving your desired band score!